National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, MOST; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Linzhi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Linzhi, 850000, China.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2021 Mar 6;10(1):25. doi: 10.1186/s40249-021-00805-8.
Echinococcosis is highly endemic in western and northern China. Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) is the most serious prevalent area. Linzhi is located in southeastern part of TAR. Dogs are the primary infection source for the transmission of echinococcosis to humans. A control and prevention campaign based on dog management has been implemented in the past three years. This study aims to evaluate the effects of dog management on the infection rate of dogs.
Data of dog population, registration and de-worming of seven counties/district in Linzhi between 2017 and 2019 were obtained from the annual prevention and control report. Domestic dog fecal samples were collected from each endemic town of seven counties/district in Linzhi in 2019 to determine the infection of domestic dogs using coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data analysis was processed using SPSS statistics to compare dog infection rate between 2016 and 2019 by chi-square test, and maps were mapped using ArcGIS.
In Linzhi, domestic dog population has decreased from 17 407 in 2017 to 12 663 in 2019, while the registration rate has increased from 75.9% in 2017 to 98.6% in 2019. Similarly, stray dog population has decreased from 14 336 in 2017 to 11 837 in 2019, while sheltered rate has increased from 84.6% in 2017 to 96.6% in 2019. Dog de-worming frequency has increased from 4 times per annum in 2017 to 12 times in 2019, indicating that approximately every dog was dewormed monthly. A total of 2715 dog fecal samples were collected for coproantigen ELISA assay. The dog infection rate was 2.8% (77/2715) in 2019, which was significantly lower than 7.3% (45/618) in 2016 (P < 0.05).
Increased dog registration, decreased dog population, and increased dog de-worming frequency contributed to significantly decrease the dog infection rate in Linzhi. Control and prevention campaign based on dog management could significantly decrease dog infection with Echinococcus spp. in echinococcosis endemic areas.
包虫病在中国西部和北部高度流行。西藏自治区（TAR）是流行最严重的地区。林芝位于 TAR 的东南部。狗是包虫病传播给人类的主要感染源。过去三年，基于犬管理的控制和预防运动一直在实施。本研究旨在评估犬管理对犬感染率的影响。
从 2017 年至 2019 年，从林芝七个县/区的年度预防和控制报告中获得了犬数量、登记和驱虫的数据。从林芝七个县/区的每个流行镇采集了家养狗的粪便样本，使用粪便抗原酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）确定家养狗的感染情况。使用 SPSS 统计数据进行数据分析，通过卡方检验比较 2016 年和 2019 年的犬感染率，并使用 ArcGIS 绘制地图。
在林芝，家犬数量从 2017 年的 17407 只减少到 2019 年的 12663 只，而登记率从 2017 年的 75.9%增加到 2019 年的 98.6%。同样，流浪犬数量从 2017 年的 14336 只减少到 2019 年的 11837 只，而收容率从 2017 年的 84.6%增加到 2019 年的 96.6%。犬驱虫频率从 2017 年的每年 4 次增加到 2019 年的 12 次，这表明每只犬每月都要进行驱虫。共采集 2715 份犬粪便样本进行抗原 ELISA 检测。2019 年犬感染率为 2.8%（77/2715），明显低于 2016 年的 7.3%（45/618）（P<0.05）。
增加犬登记、减少犬数量和增加犬驱虫频率显著降低了林芝的犬感染率。基于犬管理的控制和预防运动可显著降低包虫病流行地区犬感染包虫的概率。
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