Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Ullevål Stadion, P.O. 4014, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2021 Jun;121(6):1689-1699. doi: 10.1007/s00421-021-04633-4. Epub 2021 Mar 7.
Aging is associated with increased myocellular stress and loss of muscle mass and function. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are upregulated during periods of stress as part of the cells protective system. Exercise can affect both acute HSP regulation and when repeated regularly counteract unhealthy age-related changes in the muscle. Few studies have investigated effects of exercise on HSP content in elderly. The aim of the study was to compare muscular HSP levels in young and elderly and to investigate how training affects HSP content in muscles from aged males and females.
Thirty-eight elderly were randomized to 12 weeks of strength training (STG), functional strength training (FTG) or a control group (C). To compare elderly to young, 13 untrained young performed 11 weeks of strength training (Y). Muscle biopsies were collected before and after the intervention and analyzed for HSP27, αB-crystallin and HSP70.
Baseline HSP70 were 35% higher in elderly than in young, whereas there were no differences between young and elderly in HSP27 or αB-crystallin. After the training intervention, HSP70 were reduced in STG (- 33 ± 32%; P = 0.001) and FTG (- 28 ± 30%; P = 0.012). The decrease in HSP70 was more pronounced in the oldest. In contrast, Y increased HSP27 (134 ± 1%; P < 0.001) and αB-crystallin (84 ± 94%; P = 0.008).
Twelve weeks of STG or FTG decreased the initial high levels of HSP70 in aged muscles. Thus, regular strength training can normalize some of the increases in cellular stress associated with normal aging, and lead to a healthier cellular environment in aged muscle cells.
衰老与肌细胞应激增加以及肌肉质量和功能丧失有关。热休克蛋白（HSPs）在应激期间上调，作为细胞保护系统的一部分。运动可以影响急性 HSP 调节，并且当重复进行时可以抵抗肌肉与年龄相关的不健康变化。很少有研究调查运动对老年人 HSP 含量的影响。本研究的目的是比较年轻人和老年人的肌肉 HSP 水平，并研究训练如何影响老年男性和女性肌肉中的 HSP 含量。
38 名老年人被随机分为 12 周力量训练组（STG）、功能性力量训练组（FTG）或对照组（C）。为了将老年人与年轻人进行比较，13 名未经训练的年轻人进行了 11 周的力量训练（Y）。在干预前后采集肌肉活检，并分析 HSP27、αB-晶状体和 HSP70。
老年人的基线 HSP70 比年轻人高 35%，而年轻人和老年人之间的 HSP27 或 αB-晶状体没有差异。经过训练干预后，STG（-33 ± 32%；P = 0.001）和 FTG（-28 ± 30%；P = 0.012）的 HSP70 减少。在最年长的人群中，HSP70 的减少更为明显。相比之下，Y 增加了 HSP27（134 ± 1%；P < 0.001）和 αB-晶状体（84 ± 94%；P = 0.008）。
12 周的 STG 或 FTG 降低了老年肌肉中初始高水平的 HSP70。因此，定期力量训练可以使与正常衰老相关的细胞应激增加正常化，并导致老年肌肉细胞中更健康的细胞环境。
