Wright Caradee Y, Kapwata Thandi, du Preez David Jean, Wernecke Bianca, Garland Rebecca M, Nkosi Vusumuzi, Landman Willem A, Dyson Liesl, Norval Mary
Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, 2094, South Africa; Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2094, South Africa.
Environ Res. 2021 May;196:110973. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110973. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
There are many climatic changes facing South Africa which already have, or are projected to have, a detrimental impact on human health. Here the risks to health due to several alterations in the climate of South Africa are considered in turn. These include an increase in ambient temperature, causing, for example, a significant rise in morbidity and mortality; heavy rainfall leading to changes in the prevalence and occurrence of vector-borne diseases; drought-associated malnutrition; and exposure to dust storms and air pollution leading to the potential exacerbation of respiratory diseases. Existing initiatives and strategies to prevent or reduce these adverse health impacts are outlined, together with suggestions of what might be required in the future to safeguard the health of the nation. Potential roles for the health and non-health sectors as well as preparedness and capacity development with respect to climate change and health adaptation are considered.
南非面临着诸多气候变化，这些变化已经或预计会对人类健康产生不利影响。在此，依次考虑了南非气候的几种变化对健康造成的风险。这些风险包括环境温度升高，例如导致发病率和死亡率显著上升；暴雨导致媒介传播疾病的流行率和发病率发生变化；与干旱相关的营养不良；以及暴露于沙尘暴和空气污染中，可能导致呼吸道疾病加剧。概述了预防或减少这些不利健康影响的现有举措和战略，以及未来保障国民健康可能需要采取的措施。还考虑了卫生部门和非卫生部门的潜在作用，以及在气候变化和健康适应方面的准备工作和能力发展。
