National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Cancer Lett. 2021 May 28;506:120-127. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.017. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
Substantial progress has been made in cancer screening in China due to the substantial efforts of all levels of the government. Four large-scale population-based screening programs have been launched since 2005. In these programs, individuals at high risk for the most common types of cancer are screened with no cost. However, there are still wide gaps remaining between the cancer screening objectives and reality. In this review, we summarize the current status of cancer screening, identify the major achievements and challenges of cancer screening, and propose some suggested improvements based on the existing evidence. The main challenges include low participation rates, the uneven distribution of medical sources, inadequate funding, and insufficient screening quality. Some suggestions that should be considered to improve the quality of cancer screening include advertising to increase awareness, providing universal training of staff involved in screening programs, optimizing the definition of high-risk populations, integrating new technologies into cancer screening programs, and implementing appropriate management measures among individuals with positive screening results.
由于各级政府的大力投入，中国的癌症筛查工作取得了实质性进展。自 2005 年以来，已经启动了四个大型基于人群的筛查项目。在这些项目中，高风险人群可以免费进行最常见类型癌症的筛查。然而，癌症筛查目标与现实之间仍存在很大差距。在这篇综述中，我们总结了癌症筛查的现状，确定了癌症筛查的主要成就和挑战，并根据现有证据提出了一些改进建议。主要挑战包括参与率低、医疗资源分布不均、资金不足和筛查质量不足。为了提高癌症筛查质量，应该考虑一些建议，包括宣传提高认识、对参与筛查项目的人员进行普遍培训、优化高危人群的定义、将新技术纳入癌症筛查项目以及对筛查结果阳性的个体实施适当的管理措施。
