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21世纪的癌症筛查与早期检测

Cancer Screening and Early Detection in the 21 Century.

作者信息

Loud Jennifer T, Murphy Jeanne

出版信息

Semin Oncol Nurs. 2017 May;33(2):121-128. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002. Epub 2017 Mar 23.

DOI:10.1016/j.soncn.2017.02.002
PMID:28343835
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5467686/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To review the trends in and principles of cancer screening and early detection.

DATA SOURCES

Journal articles, United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) publications, professional organization position statements, and evidence-based summaries.

CONCLUSION

Cancer screening has contributed to decreasing the morbidity and mortality of cancer. Efforts to improve the selection of candidates for cancer screening, to understand the biological basis of carcinogenesis, and the development of new technologies for cancer screening will allow for improvements in cancer screening over time.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

Nurses are well-positioned to lead the implementation of cancer screening recommendations in the 21 century through their practice, research, educational efforts, and advocacy.

摘要

目的

回顾癌症筛查与早期检测的趋势及原则。

数据来源

期刊文章、美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）出版物、专业组织立场声明及循证综述。

结论

癌症筛查有助于降低癌症的发病率和死亡率。随着时间的推移，努力改进癌症筛查候选者的选择、理解致癌作用的生物学基础以及开发新的癌症筛查技术，将使癌症筛查得到改善。

对护理实践的启示

护士处于有利地位，可通过其实践、研究、教育工作和宣传，在21世纪引领癌症筛查建议的实施。

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本文引用的文献

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The effect of the USPSTF PSA screening recommendation on prostate cancer incidence patterns in the USA.USPSTF PSA 筛查推荐对美国前列腺癌发病模式的影响。
Nat Rev Urol. 2017 Jan;14(1):26-37. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.251. Epub 2016 Dec 20.
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The bimanual ovarian palpation examination in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian cancer screening trial: Performance and complications.前列腺、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查试验中的双手卵巢触诊检查：性能与并发症
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Diagnostic Performance of Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm Against CA125 and HE4 in Connection With Ovarian Cancer: A Meta-analysis.卵巢恶性肿瘤风险算法联合CA125和HE4对卵巢癌的诊断效能：一项Meta分析
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Performance of ACMG-AMP Variant-Interpretation Guidelines among Nine Laboratories in the Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research Consortium.临床测序探索性研究联盟中九个实验室对ACMG-AMP变异解读指南的执行情况。
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The American Cancer Society challenge goal to reduce US cancer mortality by 50% between 1990 and 2015: Results and reflections.美国癌症协会挑战目标：1990 年至 2015 年美国癌症死亡率降低 50%：结果与反思。
CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Sep;66(5):359-69. doi: 10.3322/caac.21348. Epub 2016 May 13.
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Population-based screening for cancer: hope and hype.基于人群的癌症筛查：希望与炒作。
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016 Sep;13(9):550-65. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.50. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
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Ovarian cancer screening and mortality in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS): a randomised controlled trial.英国卵巢癌筛查协作试验（UKCTOCS）中的卵巢癌筛查与死亡率：一项随机对照试验
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