Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Periodontol 2000. 2021 Jun;86(1):14-31. doi: 10.1111/prd.12360. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
The oral microbiome comprises microbial communities colonizing biotic (epithelia, mucosa) and abiotic (enamel) surfaces. Different communities are associated with health (eg, immune development, pathogen resistance) and disease (eg, tooth loss and periodontal disease). Like any other host-associated microbiome, colonization and persistence of both beneficial and dysbiotic oral microbiomes are dictated by successful utilization of available nutrients and defense against host and competitor assaults. This chapter will explore these general features of microbe-host interactions through the lens of symbiotic (mutualistic and antagonistic/pathogenic) associations with nonmammalian animals. Investigations in such systems across a broad taxonomic range have revealed conserved mechanisms and processes that underlie the complex associations among microbes and between microbes and hosts.
口腔微生物组包括定植于生物（上皮、黏膜）和非生物（牙釉质）表面的微生物群落。不同的群落与健康（例如，免疫发育、病原体抗性）和疾病（例如，牙齿脱落和牙周病）相关。与任何其他宿主相关的微生物组一样，有益和失调的口腔微生物组的定植和持续存在取决于对可用营养物质的成功利用以及对宿主和竞争者攻击的防御。本章将通过与非哺乳动物的共生（互利和拮抗/病原）关系的视角来探讨微生物-宿主相互作用的这些一般特征。在广泛的分类范围内对这些系统的研究揭示了微生物之间以及微生物与宿主之间复杂关系的基础的保守机制和过程。
