中国武汉2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者中营养不良风险普遍存在：一项横断面研究。
Risk of Malnutrition Is Common in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: A Cross-sectional Study.
作者信息
Liu Aihong, Cong Jingjing, Wang Qiong, Mei Yuxin, Peng Yingjie, Zhou Meng, Zhu Wenli, Chen Xiaoqing, Guan Wenjing, He Ping
机构信息
Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2021 Jun 1;151(6):1591-1596. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab009.
BACKGROUND
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly spread across the world. However, the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients has not yet been extensively examined.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients and to identify factors independently associated with malnutrition risk.
METHODS
In this single-center, cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 760 hospitalized COVID-19 patients between 29 January 2020 and 15 March 2020. Based on the Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 score, we divided patients into the normal nutrition group (NRS score <3) and the malnutrition risk group (NRS score ≥3). The associations of age, gender, symptoms, comorbidities, BMI, serum albumin and prealbumin concentrations, disease severity, activities of daily living (ADL) score, and clinical outcomes with malnutrition risk were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with malnutrition risk.
RESULTS
Of patients with COVID-19, 82.6% were at risk of malnutrition. There were statistical differences in the age, incidence of fever, BMI, serum albumin and prealbumin concentrations, ADL score, and disease severity between the 2 groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥65 y (vs. <65 y; OR: 5.40; P < 0.001), serum albumin <35 g/L (vs. ≥35 g/L; OR: 3.61; P < 0.001), serum prealbumin <150 mg/L (vs. ≥150 mg/L; OR: 2.88; P = 0.042), critical cases (vs. moderate cases; OR: 4.46; P < 0.001), ADL score 41-60 (vs. ADL score 100; OR: 4.50; P = 0.012), and ADL score ≤40 (vs. ADL score 100; OR: 9.49; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the risk of malnutrition in COVID-19 patients.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that prevalence of malnutrition risk was high in COVID-19 patients. Older age, low serum albumin and prealbumin concentrations, ADL score <60, and disease severity were independent factors associated with malnutrition risk.
背景
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已在全球迅速传播。然而，COVID-19患者的营养状况尚未得到广泛研究。
目的
本研究旨在评估COVID-19患者的营养状况，并确定与营养不良风险独立相关的因素。
方法
在这项单中心横断面研究中，我们分析了2020年1月29日至2020年3月15日期间760例住院COVID-19患者的数据。根据营养风险筛查（NRS）2002评分，我们将患者分为营养正常组（NRS评分<3）和营养不良风险组（NRS评分≥3）。分析年龄、性别、症状、合并症、BMI、血清白蛋白和前白蛋白浓度、疾病严重程度、日常生活活动（ADL）评分以及临床结局与营养不良风险的相关性。采用多变量逻辑回归分析确定与营养不良风险相关的独立因素。
结果
COVID-19患者中，82.6%存在营养不良风险。两组患者在年龄、发热发生率、BMI、血清白蛋白和前白蛋白浓度、ADL评分以及疾病严重程度方面存在统计学差异。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，年龄≥65岁（vs.<65岁；OR：5.40；P<0.001）、血清白蛋白<35 g/L（vs.≥35 g/L；OR：3.61；P<0.001）、血清前白蛋白<150 mg/L（vs.≥150 mg/L；OR：2.88；P=0.042）、危重症（vs.中症；OR：4.46；P<0.001）、ADL评分为41 - 60（vs.ADL评分为100；OR：4.50；P=0.012）以及ADL评分≤40（vs.ADL评分为100；OR：9.49；P<0.001）与COVID-19患者的营养不良风险显著相关。
结论
本研究表明，COVID-19患者中营养不良风险的患病率较高。年龄较大、血清白蛋白和前白蛋白浓度较低、ADL评分<60以及疾病严重程度是与营养不良风险相关的独立因素。
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