Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, California.
Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, University of California San Diego, California.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2021 Apr 1;130(4):1226-1234. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00013.2021. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Easy access to high-calorie and fat-dense fast food has resulted in unhealthy dietary and lifestyle changes worldwide, which affects both developed and developing economies. This predisposes populations to a considerable number of metabolic and inflammatory conditions, such as diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Guinea pigs have been proposed as a model to study high-fat diet-induced metabolic disease due to their similar antioxidant metabolism and lipid profile to humans, and their susceptibility to atherosclerosis and endothelial disease. This study aims to evaluate cardiovascular and metabolic disorders induced by high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) in guinea pigs. Two to three-week-old male guinea pigs were fed a normal diet (ND) or HFHSD for 12 wk. Guinea pigs fed a HFHSD developed glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and liver, cardiac, and kidney damage. However, hypertension, dysautonomia, endothelial disease, and obesity were absent in these HFHSD guinea pigs. Taken together, these results show that guinea pigs fed a HFHSD are a nonobese model of metabolic disorders, resulting in important cardiac damage. Moreover, our findings suggest that NAFLD may be an important risk factor for diet-induced CVD. In this study, we show a new animal model for diet-induced disease metabolic disorders without obesity in guinea pigs. Moreover, results suggest a strong relation between liver disease and increased cardiovascular risks.
高热量、高脂肪的快餐食品容易获取，这导致了全球范围内不健康的饮食和生活方式的改变，影响了发达和发展中经济体。这使得人们容易患上许多代谢和炎症性疾病，如糖尿病、非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）和心血管疾病（CVD）。由于豚鼠的抗氧化代谢和脂质谱与人类相似，而且它们容易患动脉粥样硬化和内皮疾病，因此被提议作为研究高脂肪饮食诱导代谢疾病的模型。本研究旨在评估高脂肪高蔗糖饮食（HFHSD）在豚鼠中引起的心血管和代谢紊乱。2 至 3 周龄的雄性豚鼠分别喂食正常饮食（ND）或 HFHSD 12 周。喂食 HFHSD 的豚鼠出现葡萄糖不耐受、血脂异常以及肝、心脏和肾脏损伤。然而，这些 HFHSD 豚鼠没有高血压、自主神经功能紊乱、内皮疾病和肥胖。综上所述，这些结果表明，喂食 HFHSD 的豚鼠是非肥胖型代谢紊乱模型，会导致严重的心脏损伤。此外，我们的研究结果表明，NAFLD 可能是饮食引起的 CVD 的一个重要危险因素。在这项研究中，我们展示了一种新的动物模型，用于研究 HFHSD 诱导的豚鼠代谢疾病，而不会导致肥胖。此外，结果表明肝脏疾病与心血管风险增加之间存在密切关系。
