Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Sales Department, Life Science and Applied Markets Group, Agilent Technologies, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Immunol. 2021 Apr 29;12:669672. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669672. eCollection 2021.
Many nutritional and epidemiological studies have shown that high consumption of trans fatty acids can cause several adverse effects on human health, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effect of trans fatty acids on innate immunity in the gut by observing mice fed with a diet high in trans fatty acids, which have been reported to cause dysbiosis.
We used C57BL6/J mice and fed them with normal diet (ND) or high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) or high-trans fatty acid, high-sucrose diet (HTHSD) for 12 weeks. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the mice stool samples, in addition to flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and lipidomics analysis of the mice serum and liver samples. RAW264.7 cells were used for the studies.
Mice fed with HTHSD displayed significantly higher blood glucose levels and advanced fatty liver and intestinal inflammation, as compared to mice fed with HFHSD. Furthermore, compared to mice fed with HFHSD, mice fed with HTHSD displayed a significant elevation in the expression of CD36 in the small intestine, along with a reduction in the expression of IL-22. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the populations of ILC1s and T-bet-positive ILC3s in the lamina propria in mice fed with HTHSD. Finally, the relative abundance of the family , which belongs to the phylum , was significantly higher in mice fed with HFHSD or HTHSD, than in mice fed with ND; between the HFHSD and HTHSD groups, the abundance was slightly higher in the HTHSD group.
This study revealed that compared to saturated fatty acid intake, trans fatty acid intake significantly exacerbated metabolic diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver.
许多营养和流行病学研究表明，大量摄入反式脂肪酸会对人体健康造成多种不良影响，包括心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症。在本研究中，我们通过观察喂食高脂肪、高蔗糖饮食（HFHSD）的小鼠，研究了反式脂肪酸对肠道固有免疫的影响，因为这种饮食已被报道会引起肠道菌群失调。
我们使用 C57BL6/J 小鼠，喂食正常饮食（ND）、高脂肪、高蔗糖饮食（HFHSD）或高反式脂肪酸、高蔗糖饮食（HTHSD）12 周。对小鼠粪便样本进行 16S rRNA 基因测序，同时对小鼠血清和肝脏样本进行流式细胞术、实时 PCR 和脂质组学分析。此外，还使用 RAW264.7 细胞进行了相关研究。
与喂食 HFHSD 的小鼠相比，喂食 HTHSD 的小鼠血糖水平明显升高，且发生了更严重的脂肪肝和肠道炎症。此外，与喂食 HFHSD 的小鼠相比，喂食 HTHSD 的小鼠小肠中 CD36 的表达显著升高，而 IL-22 的表达降低。此外，喂食 HTHSD 的小鼠固有层中 ILC1 细胞和 T-bet 阳性 ILC3 细胞的数量显著增加。最后，与喂食 ND 的小鼠相比，喂食 HFHSD 或 HTHSD 的小鼠中属的相对丰度显著增加，而在 HFHSD 和 HTHSD 组之间，HTHSD 组的丰度略高。
本研究表明，与饱和脂肪酸摄入相比，反式脂肪酸摄入显著加重了糖尿病和脂肪肝等代谢疾病。
