Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 11;21(1):256. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-05948-5.
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was emergency turned into global public health after the first patients were detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease rapidly expanded and led to an epidemic throughout China, followed by the rising number of cases worldwide. Given the high prevalence of COVID-19, rapid and accurate diagnostic methods are immediately needed to identify, isolate and treat the patients as soon as possible, decreasing mortality rates and the risk of public contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).
This case-control study was conducted in two hospitals in Alborz Province in Iran. All recruited cases in this study were symptomatic adults hospitalized as COVID-19 patients with compatible Computed tomographic (CT) scan findings and available rRT-PCR results. The patients were recruited in this study. The patients were categorized into positive and negative rRT-PCR groups and evaluated for symptoms, initial vital signs, comorbidity, clinical and laboratory findings. Finally, the results were assessed by SPSS software.
Between March 5 to April 5, 2020, 164 symptomatic COVID-19 patients were studied. In total, there were 111 rRT-PCR positive (67.6%) and 53 rRT-PCR negative patients (32.4%). In terms of statistics, the frequency of symptoms revealed no difference, except for cough (P.V:0.008), dizziness (PV: 0.048), and weakness (P.V:0.022). Among initial vital signs, PR (P.V:0.041) and O2 Saturation (PV: 0.014) were statistically different between the two groups. Evaluation of comorbidities revealed no difference except for hyperlipidemia (P.V:0.024). In the comparison of laboratory findings, only WBC count (PV: 0.001), lymphocyte count (PV: 0.001), and Hb (P.V:0.008) were statistically different between the two groups.
In case of the negative rRT-PCR result, it is necessary to take a logical approach, and we recommended that the physician decides according to clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and positive CT results.
2019 年 12 月，中国武汉首次发现新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）患者后，该疾病紧急成为全球公共卫生事件。该疾病迅速蔓延，导致中国境内疫情爆发，随后全球病例数不断上升。鉴于 COVID-19 的高患病率，需要快速准确的诊断方法尽快识别、隔离和治疗患者，降低死亡率和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的公众污染风险。
本病例对照研究在伊朗阿尔博兹省的两家医院进行。本研究中所有确诊病例均为有症状的成年人，因 COVID-19 住院，符合 CT 扫描结果，并可获得实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（rRT-PCR）结果。患者按时间顺序入组。将患者分为 rRT-PCR 阳性和阴性组，并评估症状、初始生命体征、合并症、临床和实验室检查结果。最后，采用 SPSS 软件进行评估。
2020 年 3 月 5 日至 4 月 5 日，共研究了 164 例有症状的 COVID-19 患者。共有 111 例 rRT-PCR 阳性（67.6%）和 53 例 rRT-PCR 阴性患者（32.4%）。从统计学上看，除咳嗽（P.V：0.008）、头晕（PV：0.048）和乏力（P.V：0.022）外，症状频率无差异。在初始生命体征方面，PR（P.V：0.041）和 O2 饱和度（PV：0.014）两组间有统计学差异。评估合并症时，仅高脂血症有差异（P.V：0.024）。在实验室检查结果比较中，仅白细胞计数（PV：0.001）、淋巴细胞计数（PV：0.001）和 Hb（P.V：0.008）两组间有统计学差异。
如果 rRT-PCR 结果为阴性，有必要采取合理的方法，我们建议医生根据临床表现、实验室检查结果和阳性 CT 结果做出决定。
