Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Department of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University Irvine Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
Vitam Horm. 2021;115:611-634. doi: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.024. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
Aging undergoes serious worsening of peripheral organs and vital physiological processes including reproductive performances. Altered white adipose tissue and adipocyte functioning during aging results in ectopic lipid storage/obesity or metabolic derangements, leading to insulin resistance state. Eventually, accelerating cellular senescence thereby enhancing the high risk of age-associated metabolic alterations. Such alterations may cause derangement of numerous physiologically active obesity hormones, known as "adipokines." Specifically, adiponectin exhibits insulin sensitizing action causing anti-aging and anti-obesity effects via activation of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs). The male reproductive physiology from reproductive mature stage to advanced senescent stage undergoes insidious detrimental changes. The mechanisms by which testicular functions decline with aging remain largely speculative. Adiponectin has also recently been shown to regulate metabolism and longevity signaling thus prolonging lifespan. Therefore, the strategy for activating adiponectin/AdipoRs signaling pathways are expected to provide a solid basis for the prevention and treatment of aging and obesity-associated reproductive dysfunctions, as well as for ensuring healthy reproductive longevity in humans.
衰老是外周器官和重要生理过程（包括生殖性能）的严重恶化。衰老过程中白色脂肪组织和脂肪细胞功能的改变导致异位脂质储存/肥胖或代谢紊乱，从而导致胰岛素抵抗状态。最终，加速细胞衰老，从而增加与年龄相关的代谢改变的高风险。这种改变可能导致许多生理活性肥胖激素的紊乱，这些激素被称为“脂肪因子”。具体而言，脂联素具有胰岛素增敏作用，通过激活脂联素受体（AdipoRs），从而产生抗衰老和抗肥胖作用。从生殖成熟阶段到衰老阶段，男性生殖生理学发生了隐匿性的有害变化。睾丸功能随年龄下降的机制在很大程度上仍在推测之中。脂联素最近也被证明可以调节代谢和长寿信号，从而延长寿命。因此，激活脂联素/AdipoRs 信号通路的策略有望为预防和治疗衰老和肥胖相关的生殖功能障碍，以及确保人类健康的生殖长寿提供坚实的基础。
