Yang Xiaoli, Pan Yuejuan
Faculty of Education and Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Feb 23;12:568638. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.568638. eCollection 2021.
Spatial language is an important predictor of spatial skills and might be inspired by peer interaction and goal-oriented building behaviors during block play. The present study investigated the frequency, type and level of children's spatial language during block play and their associations with the level of block play by observing 228 young children in classrooms equipped with unit blocks and allowing free play on a daily basis. The findings showed that during block play, young children used more words about spatial locations, deictic terms, dimensions, and shapes and fewer words about spatial features or properties and spatial orientations or transformations. Spatial locations were used most frequently, and young children tended to use vertical location words to represent the corresponding location. Most young children used gestures in conjunction with spatial deictic terms. Among shape words, tetragon words were frequently used, and the representation of spatial shapes showed alternatives, collective tendencies and gender differences. The use of spatial language during the play process had a significant positive correlation with age, the construction structure, and form of block building.
空间语言是空间技能的重要预测指标，可能受到积木游戏中同伴互动和目标导向性搭建行为的启发。本研究通过观察228名在配备单元积木的教室里每天进行自由游戏的幼儿，调查了幼儿在积木游戏中空间语言的频率、类型和水平，以及它们与积木游戏水平的关联。研究结果表明，在积木游戏中，幼儿使用了更多关于空间位置、指示词、维度和形状的词汇，而使用关于空间特征或属性以及空间方向或变换的词汇较少。空间位置的词汇使用最为频繁，幼儿倾向于使用垂直位置词汇来表示相应位置。大多数幼儿在使用空间指示词时会结合手势。在形状词汇中，四边形词汇使用频繁，空间形状的表征呈现出替代性、集体倾向和性别差异。游戏过程中空间语言的使用与年龄、积木搭建的结构和形式呈显著正相关。
