Sandoval Carmen, Araujo Gabriela, Sosa Wilfredo, Avalos Sara, Silveira Fernando, Corbett Carlos, Zúniga Concepción, Laurenti Marcia
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical School (FMUSP), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Microbiology Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2021 Feb 26;27:e20200149. doi: 10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0149. eCollection 2021.
Skin lesions of patients affected by non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) caused by are characterized by lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate associated with epithelioid granuloma and scarce parasitism. However, the cellular immune response of these patients is unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterize the cellular immune response in the skin lesions of patients affected by NUCL.
Twenty biopsies were processed by immunohistochemistry using primary antibodies to T lymphocytes (CD4, CD8), NK cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages, nitric oxide synthase and interferon-gamma.
Immunohistochemistry revealed higher expression of all cellular types and molecules (IFN-γ, iNOS) in the dermis of diseased skin compared to the skin of healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Morphometric analysis performed in the skin lesions sections showed the predominance of CD8 T lymphocytes in the mononuclear infiltrate, followed by macrophages, mostly iNOS, a response that could be mediated by IFN-γ.
Our study improves knowledge of the cellular immune response in non-ulcerated or atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by in Central America and pointed to the pivotal participation of CD8 T lymphocytes in the host defense mechanisms against the parasite in patients with NUCL.
由[具体病原体未提及]引起的非溃疡性皮肤利什曼病（NUCL）患者的皮肤病变特征为伴有上皮样肉芽肿的淋巴细胞组织细胞性炎症浸润以及少量寄生虫感染。然而，这些患者的细胞免疫反应尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是对NUCL患者皮肤病变中的细胞免疫反应进行特征描述。
使用针对T淋巴细胞（CD4、CD8）、自然杀伤细胞、B淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、一氧化氮合酶和干扰素-γ的一抗，通过免疫组织化学对20份活检标本进行处理。
免疫组织化学显示，与健康个体的皮肤相比，患病皮肤真皮中所有细胞类型和分子（IFN-γ、诱导型一氧化氮合酶）的表达均更高（p < 0.05）。在皮肤病变切片中进行的形态计量分析表明，单核浸润中CD8 T淋巴细胞占主导，其次是巨噬细胞，主要是诱导型一氧化氮合酶，这种反应可能由IFN-γ介导。
我们的研究增进了对中美洲由[具体病原体未提及]引起的非溃疡性或非典型皮肤利什曼病中细胞免疫反应的认识，并指出CD8 T淋巴细胞在NUCL患者针对寄生虫的宿主防御机制中起关键作用。
