Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Barsah, Basrah, Iraq.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Mar 15;33(2):207-212. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0243.
Hypertension is a very common cardiovascular disease. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are widely used to treat hypertension. Many patients with hypertension are vulnerable to the antihypertensive adverse effects, which potentially reduces the adherence rate. Therefore, we conducted this study in order to evaluate the safety profile of both classes (ACEi and ARBs) on respiratory functions.
Two main groups of subjects were studied: first group is healthy control subjects and the second group is hypertensive patients, which was subdivided into subgroups in order to investigate the effect of all tested medications (captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, losartan, and valsartan). Respiratory efficiency was evaluated by measuring pulmonary function tests: FEV1, FVC, and FEV1%. Measurements were done using micromedical spirometer.
We found that ARBs do not impair normal respiratory functions as measured by FEV1, FEV1%, and FVC in hypertensive patients. While ACEi treatments significantly reduced FEV1, FEV1%, and FVC compared to the other groups.
ARBs are not associated with any harmful effects on respiratory functions in hypertensive patients, unlike ACEi. As such, they could represent a first-choice treatment for hypertensive patients who are at high risk to the respiratory adverse effects.
高血压是一种非常常见的心血管疾病。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEi）和血管紧张素 II 受体阻滞剂（ARBs）被广泛用于治疗高血压。许多高血压患者易发生降压不良事件，这可能会降低其服药依从性。因此，我们进行这项研究是为了评估这两类药物（ACEi 和 ARBs）对呼吸系统功能的安全性。
我们研究了两组主要人群：第一组为健康对照受试者，第二组为高血压患者，为了研究所有测试药物（卡托普利、依那普利、赖诺普利、氯沙坦和缬沙坦）的影响，第二组进一步细分为亚组。通过测量肺功能测试来评估呼吸效率：FEV1、FVC 和 FEV1%。使用微医疗肺量计进行测量。
我们发现 ARBs 不会损害高血压患者的正常呼吸功能，如 FEV1、FEV1%和 FVC 所示。而 ACEi 治疗与其他组相比，显著降低了 FEV1、FEV1%和 FVC。
与 ACEi 不同，ARBs 不会对高血压患者的呼吸系统功能产生任何有害影响。因此，对于易发生呼吸系统不良事件的高血压患者，它们可能是首选治疗药物。
