Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
Acta Biomater. 2021 Sep 15;132:37-51. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.002. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
As life expectancy improves and the number of people suffering from various diseases increases, the need for developing effective personalized disease models is rapidly rising. The development of organoid technology has led to better recapitulation of the in vivo environment of organs, and can overcome the constraints of existing disease models. However, for more precise disease modeling, engineering approaches such as microfluidics and biomaterials, that aid in mimicking human physiology, need to be integrated with the organoid models. In this review, we introduce key elements for disease modeling and recent engineering advances using both liver and lung organoids. Due to the importance of personalized medicine, we also emphasize patient-derived cancer organoid models and their engineering approaches. These organoid-based disease models combined with microfluidics, biomaterials, and co-culture systems will provide a powerful research platform for understanding disease mechanisms and developing precision medicine; enabling preclinical drug screening and drug development. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of organoid technology has led to better recapitulation of the in vivo environment of organs, and can overcome the constraints of existing disease models. However, for more precise disease modeling, engineering approaches such as microfluidics and biomaterials, that aid in mimicking human physiology, need to be integrated with the organoid models. In this review, we introduce liver, lung, and cancer organoids integrated with various engineering approaches as a novel platform for personalized disease modeling. These engineered organoid-based disease models will provide a powerful research platform for understanding disease mechanisms and developing precision medicine.
随着预期寿命的提高和各种疾病患者人数的增加，开发有效的个性化疾病模型的需求迅速增长。类器官技术的发展使得更好地模拟器官的体内环境成为可能，并能克服现有疾病模型的限制。然而，为了更精确地进行疾病建模，需要将微流控和生物材料等有助于模拟人体生理学的工程方法与类器官模型相结合。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了使用肝和肺类器官的疾病建模的关键要素和最近的工程进展。由于个性化医疗的重要性，我们还强调了基于患者的癌症类器官模型及其工程方法。这些基于类器官的疾病模型与微流控、生物材料和共培养系统相结合，将为理解疾病机制和开发精准医学提供一个强大的研究平台；并能够进行临床前药物筛选和药物开发。
类器官技术的发展使得更好地模拟器官的体内环境成为可能，并能克服现有疾病模型的限制。然而，为了更精确地进行疾病建模，需要将微流控和生物材料等有助于模拟人体生理学的工程方法与类器官模型相结合。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了与各种工程方法相结合的肝、肺和癌症类器官作为个性化疾病建模的新平台。这些基于工程化类器官的疾病模型将为理解疾病机制和开发精准医学提供一个强大的研究平台。
