Prigioniero Antonello, Zuzolo Daniela, Niinemets Ülo, Guarino Carmine
Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via De Sanctis Snc, 82100, Benevento, Italy.
Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51006, Estonia.
Environ Pollut. 2021 May 15;277:116817. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116817. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
Monitoring of air quality and the application of strategies for its improvement are perceived as key areas for reducing environmental pollution. The research on Nature Based Solutions for the mitigation of pollutant concentrations in the air has increasingly developed in the last twenty years. The purpose of this review is to evaluate whether the current knowledge about Nature-Based Solutions provides a quantitative answer of the real benefits of air phytoremediation. To address this question, the literature on air phytoremediation over the last twenty years was analyzed. Altogether, 52 variables were selected, grouped into six categories, to briefly characterize the contents, methodology and outcome of the peer-reviewed articles. Altogether, 413 plant species found in the analyzed studies were recorded. The results show the trends about the most studied pollutants and on the methodologies mostly applied, in relation to the study outcomes. The analysis demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) was the most frequently examined pollutant, most studies on NBS are based on experiments with exposure chambers, and scaling up the results with models has been limited. Although effective reductions in pollutant concentrations have been shown in the majority of studies, there is a strong fragmentation of the approaches, most studies have looked at a single pollutant and detailed information for model parameterization is only available for a few species. Thus, the review highlights that studies of Nature Based Solutions in air phytoremediation require unification of methodologies, and should consider a broader range of pollutants and plant organisms useful for mitigating the impacts of air pollutants in indoor and outdoor human environments.
空气质量监测及其改善策略的应用被视为减少环境污染的关键领域。在过去二十年中，基于自然的解决方案以减轻空气中污染物浓度的研究日益发展。本综述的目的是评估当前关于基于自然的解决方案的知识是否能对空气植物修复的实际效益提供定量答案。为解决这个问题，我们分析了过去二十年中关于空气植物修复的文献。总共选择了52个变量，分为六类，以简要描述同行评审文章的内容、方法和结果。总共记录了在所分析研究中发现的413种植物物种。结果显示了与研究结果相关的、关于研究最多的污染物以及最常应用的方法的趋势。分析表明，颗粒物（PM）是最常检测的污染物，大多数关于基于自然的解决方案的研究基于暴露室实验，并且用模型扩大结果的应用有限。尽管大多数研究表明污染物浓度有效降低，但方法存在严重碎片化，大多数研究只关注单一污染物，并且只有少数物种有用于模型参数化的详细信息。因此，本综述强调，空气植物修复中基于自然的解决方案的研究需要方法的统一，并且应考虑更广泛的污染物和对减轻室内外人类环境中空气污染物影响有用的植物生物体。
