Mascagni P, Padoy N
ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
ICube, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
J Visc Surg. 2021 Jun;158(3S):S18-S25. doi: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2021.01.004. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Effective and safe surgery results from a complex sociotechnical process prone to human error. Acquiring large amount of data on surgical care and modelling the process of surgery with artificial intelligence's computational methods could shed lights on system strengths and limitations and enable computer-based smart assistance. With this vision in mind, surgeons and computer scientists have joined forces in a novel discipline called Surgical Data Science. In this regard, operating room (OR) black boxes and surgical control towers are being developed to systematically capture comprehensive data on surgical procedures and to oversee and assist during operating rooms activities, respectively. Most of the early Surgical Data Science works have focused on understanding risks and resilience factors affecting surgical safety, the context and workflow of procedures, and team behaviors. These pioneering efforts in sensing and analyzing surgical activities, together with the advent of precise robotic actuators, bring surgery on the verge of a fourth revolution characterized by smart assistance in perceptual, cognitive and physical tasks. Barriers to implement this vision exist, but the surgical-technical partnerships set by ambitious efforts such as the OR black box and the surgical control tower are working to overcome these roadblocks and translate the vision and early works described in the manuscript into value for patients, surgeons and health systems.
有效且安全的手术源于一个容易出现人为错误的复杂社会技术过程。获取大量有关手术护理的数据，并使用人工智能的计算方法对手术过程进行建模，有助于揭示系统的优势和局限性，并实现基于计算机的智能辅助。出于这一愿景，外科医生和计算机科学家携手合作，创立了一门名为手术数据科学的新学科。在这方面，手术室“黑匣子”和手术控制塔正在分别被开发出来，用于系统地收集有关手术过程的全面数据，并在手术室活动期间进行监督和协助。早期的大多数手术数据科学工作都集中在理解影响手术安全的风险和恢复力因素、手术过程的背景和工作流程以及团队行为上。这些在感知和分析手术活动方面的开创性努力，加上精确机器人执行器的出现，使手术即将迎来第四次革命，其特点是在感知、认知和体力任务方面提供智能辅助。实现这一愿景存在障碍，但诸如手术室“黑匣子”和手术控制塔等雄心勃勃的努力所建立的外科技术伙伴关系正在努力克服这些障碍，并将本文所述的愿景和早期工作转化为对患者、外科医生和卫生系统的价值。
