Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Graduate Program in Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jun 1;278:116838. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116838. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Knowledge of the toxic potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has increased over time. Much of this knowledge is about the 16 United States - Environmental Protection Agency (US - EPA) priority PAHs; however, there are other US - EPA non-priority PAHs in the environment, whose toxic potential is underestimated. We conducted a systematic review of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies to assess the genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity of 13 US - EPA non-priority parental PAHs present in the environment. Electronic databases, such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, were used to search for research with selected terms without time restrictions. After analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, 249 articles, published between 1946 and 2020, were selected and the quality assessment of these studies was performed. The results showed that 5-methylchrysene (5-MC), 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (7,12-DMBA), cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP), and dibenzo[al]pyrene (Db[al]P) were the most studied PAHs. Moreover, 5-MC, 7,12-DMBA, benz[j]aceanthrylene (B[j]A), CPP, anthanthrene (ANT), dibenzo[ae]pyrene (Db[ae]P), and Db[al]P have been reported to cause mutagenic effects and have been being associated with a risk of carcinogenicity. Retene (RET) and benzo[c]fluorene (B[c]F), the least studied compounds, showed evidence of a strong influence on the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity endpoints. Overall, this systematic review provided evidence of the genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic endpoints of US - EPA non-priority PAHs. However, further studies are needed to improve the future protocols of environmental analysis and risk assessment in severely exposed populations.
多环芳烃（PAHs）的毒性潜力的知识随着时间的推移而增加。这些知识大部分是关于美国环保署（EPA）的 16 种优先 PAHs；然而，环境中还有其他美国 EPA 非优先 PAHs，其毒性潜力被低估了。我们进行了系统评价，评估环境中存在的 13 种美国 EPA 非优先母体 PAHs 的遗传毒性、致突变性和致癌性。利用 Science Direct、PubMed、Scopus、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 等电子数据库，使用选定术语在无时间限制的情况下搜索研究。经过分析，根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）协议，选择了 1946 年至 2020 年期间发表的 249 篇文章，并对这些研究的质量进行了评估。结果表明，5-甲基胆蒽（5-MC）、7,12-二甲基苯并[a]蒽（7,12-DMBA）、环戊并[cd]芘（CPP）和二苯并[a,l]芘（Db[al]P）是研究最多的 PAHs。此外，5-MC、7,12-DMBA、苯并[j]荧蒽（B[j]A）、CPP、蒽（ANT）、二苯并[a,e]芘（Db[ae]P）和 Db[al]P 已被报道具有致突变作用，并与致癌风险有关。Retene（RET）和苯并[c]芘（B[c]F）是研究最少的化合物，它们对致突变性和致癌性终点有很强的影响。总的来说，这项系统评价提供了美国 EPA 非优先 PAHs 的遗传毒性、致突变性和致癌性终点的证据。然而，需要进一步的研究来改进在高度暴露人群中进行环境分析和风险评估的未来方案。
