State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
Central Institute for Decision Support Systems in Crop Protection (ZEPP), 55545, Bad Kreuznach, Germany.
Theor Appl Genet. 2021 Jun;134(6):1771-1785. doi: 10.1007/s00122-021-03807-0. Epub 2021 Mar 13.
Wheat productivity is threatened by global climate change. In several parts of NW Europe it will get warmer and dryer during the main crop growing period. The resulting likely lower realized on-farm crop yields must be kept by breeding for resistance against already existing and emerging diseases among other measures. Multi-disease resistance will get especially crucial. In this review, we focus on disease resistance breeding approaches in wheat, especially related to rust diseases and Fusarium head blight, because simulation studies of potential future disease risk have shown that these diseases will be increasingly relevant in the future. The long-term changes in disease occurrence must inevitably lead to adjustments of future resistance breeding strategies, whereby stability and durability of disease resistance under heat and water stress will be important in the future. In general, it would be important to focus on non-temperature sensitive resistance genes/QTLs. To conclude, research on the effects of heat and drought stress on disease resistance reactions must be given special attention in the future.
小麦生产力受到全球气候变化的威胁。在西北欧的几个地区，主要作物生长期间将变得更加温暖和干燥。为了应对这种情况，预计田间实际作物产量将会降低，必须通过培育对现有和新出现的疾病的抗性等措施来保持。多病害抗性将变得尤为关键。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了小麦中的疾病抗性育种方法，特别是与锈病和赤霉病有关的方法，因为对未来潜在疾病风险的模拟研究表明，这些疾病在未来将变得更加相关。疾病发生的长期变化必然会导致未来抗性育种策略的调整，因此在未来，耐热和耐旱性下疾病抗性的稳定性和耐久性将是重要的。总的来说，关注非温度敏感的抗性基因/QTL 是很重要的。总之，未来必须特别关注高温和干旱胁迫对疾病抗性反应的影响的研究。
