Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
VA Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2021 Sep;68(1-2):232-248. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12510. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Peers of individuals at risk for suicide may be able to play important roles in suicide prevention. The aim of the current study is to conduct a scoping review to characterize the breadth of peer-delivered suicide prevention services and their outcomes to inform future service delivery and research. Articles were selected based on search terms related to peers, suicide, or crisis. After reviews of identified abstracts (N = 2681), selected full-text articles (N = 286), and additional references (N = 62), a total of 84 articles were retained for the final review sample. Types of suicide prevention services delivered by peers included being a gatekeeper, on-demand crisis support, crisis support in acute care settings, and crisis or relapse prevention. Peer relationships employed in suicide prevention services included fellow laypersons; members of the same sociodemographic subgroup (e.g., racial minority), workplace, or institution (e.g., university, correctional facility); and the shared experience of having a mental condition. The majority of published studies were program descriptions or uncontrolled trials, with only three of 84 articles qualifying as randomized controlled trials. Despite a lack of methodological rigor in identified studies, peer support interventions for suicide prevention have been implemented utilizing a diverse range of peer provider types and functions. New and existing peer-delivered suicide prevention services should incorporate more rigorous evaluation methods regarding acceptability and effectiveness.
同伴可能在预防自杀方面发挥重要作用。本研究旨在进行范围综述，以描述同伴提供的预防自杀服务及其结果，为未来的服务提供和研究提供信息。文章是根据与同伴、自杀或危机相关的搜索词选择的。在审查了确定的摘要（N=2681）、选定的全文文章（N=286）和其他参考文献（N=62）后，共有 84 篇文章保留在最终的综述样本中。同伴提供的预防自杀服务类型包括充当守门员、按需危机支持、急性护理环境中的危机支持以及危机或复发预防。预防自杀服务中使用的同伴关系包括同行业务员；相同社会人口亚组（例如，少数族裔）、工作场所或机构（例如，大学、惩教设施）的成员；以及有精神疾病的共同经历。已发表的研究大多数是项目描述或非对照试验，只有 84 篇文章中有 3 篇符合随机对照试验的标准。尽管确定的研究中缺乏严格的方法学，但已经利用各种类型和功能的同伴提供者实施了预防自杀的同伴支持干预措施。新的和现有的同伴提供的预防自杀服务应结合更严格的关于可接受性和有效性的评估方法。
