Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Int J Eat Disord. 2021 Jul;54(7):1189-1201. doi: 10.1002/eat.23505. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
The present study aimed to describe the experience of, and factors associated with, disordered eating in a population-based sample of emerging adults during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Participants in the EAT 2010-2018 (Eating and Activity over Time) study were invited to complete the C-EAT (COVID-19 EAT) survey in April-May 2020. There were 720 respondents to the survey (age: 24.7 ± 2.0 years). Psychological distress, stress, stress management, financial difficulties, and food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic were examined as cross-sectional correlates of disordered eating in 2020. Open-ended questions assessed the perceived impact of the pandemic on eating behaviors.
Low stress management was significantly associated with a higher count of extreme unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCBs). Food insecurity, higher depressive symptoms, and financial difficulties were significantly associated with a higher count of less extreme UWCBs. Higher stress and depressive symptoms were significantly associated with greater odds of binge eating. Six themes pertaining to disordered eating during the pandemic emerged: (a) mindless eating and snacking; (b) increased food consumption; (c) generalized decrease in appetite or dietary intake; (d) eating to cope; (e) pandemic-related reductions in dietary intake; and (f) re-emergence or marked increase in eating disorder symptoms.
Psychological distress, stress management, financial difficulties, and abrupt schedule changes may have contributed to disordered eating during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions that target stress management, depressive symptoms, and financial strain and provide tools to develop a routine may be particularly effective for emerging adults at risk of developing disordered eating during public health crises.
本研究旨在描述 COVID-19 大流行期间，一个基于人群的成年早期人群中饮食失调的发生情况及相关因素。
EAT 2010-2018 研究（随时间变化的饮食和活动）的参与者被邀请在 2020 年 4 月至 5 月期间完成 C-EAT（COVID-19 EAT）调查。该调查共有 720 名受访者（年龄：24.7±2.0 岁）。将 COVID-19 大流行期间的心理困扰、压力、压力管理、经济困难和食物不安全感作为 2020 年饮食失调的横断面相关性进行研究。开放式问题评估了大流行对饮食行为的影响。
低压力管理与更多极端的非健康体重控制行为（UWCB）显著相关。食物不安全、更高的抑郁症状和经济困难与更多不那么极端的 UWCB 计数显著相关。更高的压力和抑郁症状与暴食的可能性显著相关。大流行期间饮食失调出现了 6 个主题：（a）无意识进食和吃零食；（b）食物摄入量增加；（c）普遍减少食欲或饮食摄入；（d）进食应对；（e）与大流行相关的饮食摄入减少；（f）饮食障碍症状重新出现或明显增加。
心理困扰、压力管理、经济困难和突然的日程变化可能导致 COVID-19 大流行期间出现饮食失调。针对压力管理、抑郁症状和经济压力的干预措施，并提供制定常规的工具，可能对处于公共卫生危机中易发生饮食失调的成年早期人群特别有效。
