Manier Sascha K, Wagmann Lea, Weber Armin A, Meyer Markus R
Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Homburg, Germany.
Drug Test Anal. 2021 Jul;13(7):1440-1444. doi: 10.1002/dta.3027. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Numerous case reports of intoxications with nutmeg seeds (Myristica fragrans, Houtt.) can be found in literature often following their abuse, as psychotropic effects were described after ingestions of large doses. The successful detection of the main ingredients of the nutmeg seeds essential oil elemicin, myristicin, and safrole, as well as their metabolites in human urine by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was already described. The aim of this study was to investigate the detectability of the main ingredients of nutmeg seeds and their metabolites in human blood and urine samples using liquid chromatography coupled to linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-LIT-MS ) and liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) after nutmeg seed abuse. Sample material of three individuals was retrospectively investigated after a systematic screening approach indicated an intoxication with nutmeg seeds as a likely cause of symptoms. Metabolic patterns in plasma and urine using GC-MS were comparable with those described in earlier publications. Investigations using hyphenated liquid chromatography techniques lead to the detection of myristicin and safrole, as well as further metabolites not described using GC-MS and revealed sulfation as an additional Phase II metabolic pathway. These results might help to detect or confirm future intoxications with nutmeg seeds by using LC-MS techniques.
文献中可找到大量肉豆蔻种子（肉豆蔻，胡特）中毒的病例报告，这些报告往往是在其被滥用之后出现的，因为大量摄入后会出现精神作用。气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）已成功检测出肉豆蔻种子精油中的主要成分榄香素、肉豆蔻醚和黄樟素，以及它们在人尿液中的代谢产物。本研究的目的是在肉豆蔻种子滥用后，使用液相色谱-线性离子阱质谱联用（LC-LIT-MS）和液相色谱-高分辨质谱联用（LC-HRMS/MS），研究肉豆蔻种子的主要成分及其代谢产物在人血液和尿液样本中的可检测性。在系统筛查方法表明肉豆蔻种子中毒可能是症状的原因后，对三名个体的样本材料进行了回顾性研究。使用GC-MS检测血浆和尿液中的代谢模式与早期出版物中描述的模式相当。使用联用液相色谱技术的研究导致检测到肉豆蔻醚和黄樟素，以及使用GC-MS未描述的其他代谢产物，并揭示了硫酸化是另一种II相代谢途径。这些结果可能有助于通过使用LC-MS技术检测或确认未来的肉豆蔻种子中毒情况。
