伊朗儿童和青少年中排泄障碍及共病精神障碍的患病率。

Prevalence of elimination disorders and comorbid psychiatric disorders in Iranian children and adolescents.

作者信息

Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Hojjat Seyed Kaveh, Ahmadi Nastaran, Alavi Seyed Salman, Hooshyari Zahra, Khaleghi Ali, Ahmadi Ameneh, Hesari Mahsa Jafarzadeh, Shakiba Alia, Amiri Shahrokh, Molavi Parviz, Arman Soroor, Mohammadzadeh Soleiman, Kousha Maryam, Golbon Atieh, Hosseini Seyed Hamzeh, Delpisheh Ali, Mojahed Azizollah, ArmaniKian Alireza, Sarraf Nasrin, Safavi Parvin, Moharari Fatemeh, Dastjerdi Reza, Talepasand Siavash, Jaberghaderi Nasrin, Ostovar Rahim, Salmanian Maryam, Zarafshan Hadi, Nazari Ali, Haghbin Ali, Khalili Mina Norozi

机构信息

Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.

出版信息

J Pediatr Rehabil Med. 2021;14(1):19-29. doi: 10.3233/PRM-190628.

DOI:10.3233/PRM-190628

PMID:33720855

Abstract

PURPOSE

Currently, there is a paucity of studies on the prevalence of Elimination Disorders among Iranian children and adolescents. Due to the ongoing need to monitor the health status of these children and adolescents, the present study aims to investigate the prevalence of Elimination Disorders and comorbid disorders in Iranian children and adolescents.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, 29,781 children and adolescents age 6 to 18 years old were selected and studied from all the provinces in Iran. The sampling was carried out by employing a multistage cluster sampling method, and several clinical psychologists using semi-structured interviews collected the data. Furthermore, clinical psychologists collected demographic information (including information about gender, age, place of residence, education level, and parental education level). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.

RESULTS

Generally, the prevalence of Elimination Disorders was found to be 5.4% covering both enuresis (p= 5.4, 95% CI = 5.1-5.7) and encopresis (p= 0.13, 95% CI = 0.09-0.2). The total prevalence of comorbid disorders was 38%, and among the comorbid disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (p= 11, 95% CI = 9.5-12.7) and Separation Anxiety (p= 10.6, 95% CI = 9.1-12.2) were the most prevalent.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of Elimination Disorders in Iranian children and adolescents is moderate compared to similar studies elsewhere. As for comorbid disorders, ADHD and Separation Anxiety were found to be the most prevalent disorders. Since Elimination Disorders coexist with psychiatric disorders in children, further studies of these comorbidities may give better insight into the treatment and prognosis of Elimination Disorders.

摘要

目的

目前，关于伊朗儿童和青少年排泄障碍患病率的研究较少。由于持续需要监测这些儿童和青少年的健康状况，本研究旨在调查伊朗儿童和青少年中排泄障碍及共病的患病率。

方法

在这项横断面研究中，从伊朗所有省份选取并研究了29781名6至18岁的儿童和青少年。采用多阶段整群抽样方法进行抽样，由几位临床心理学家通过半结构化访谈收集数据。此外，临床心理学家收集了人口统计学信息（包括性别、年龄、居住地、教育水平和父母教育水平的信息）。使用SPSS 20版对收集的数据进行分析。

结果

总体而言，排泄障碍的患病率为5.4%，包括遗尿症（p = 5.4，95%置信区间 = 5.1 - 5.7）和遗粪症（p = 0.13，95%置信区间 = 0.09 - 0.2）。共病的总患病率为38%，在共病中，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）（p = 11，95%置信区间 = 9.5 - 12.7）和分离焦虑症（p = 10.6，95%置信区间 = 9.1 - 12.2）最为常见。