Lagos State COVID-19 Incident Command System/Emergency Operation Centre, Lagos, Nigeria.
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 15;16(3):e0248281. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248281. eCollection 2021.
Data on the comorbidities that result in negative outcomes for people with COVID-19 are currently scarce for African populations. This study identifies comorbidities that predict death among a large sample of COVID-19 patients from Nigeria.
This was a retrospective analysis of medical records for 2184 laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Extracted data included age, sex, severity of condition at presentation and self-reported comorbidities. The outcomes of interest were death or discharge from facility.
Most of the cases were male (65.8%) and the median age was 43 years (IQR: 33-55). Four hundred and ninety-two patients (22.5%) had at least one comorbidity and the most common amongst them were hypertension (74.2%) and diabetes (30.3%). The mortality rate was 3.3% and a significantly higher proportion of patients with comorbidities died compared to those with none. The comorbidities that predicted death were hypertension (OR: 2.21, 95%CI: 1.22-4.01), diabetes (OR: 3.69, 95% CI: 1.99-6.85), renal disease (OR: 12.53, 95%CI: 1.97-79.56), cancer (OR: 14.12, 95% CI: 2.03-98.19) and HIV (OR: 1.77-84.15].
Comorbidities are prevalent and the associated risk of death is high among COVID-19 patients in Lagos, Nigeria. Public enlightenment, early identification and targeted care for COVID-19 cases with comorbidities are recommended as the pandemic evolves.
目前，针对导致 COVID-19 患者出现不良结局的合并症数据，在非洲人群中还很匮乏。本研究旨在确定在尼日利亚 COVID-19 大样本患者中，预测死亡的合并症。
这是对尼日利亚拉各斯西南部 2184 例实验室确诊 COVID-19 病例的病历进行的回顾性分析。提取的数据包括年龄、性别、就诊时病情严重程度和自我报告的合并症。感兴趣的结局是死亡或出院。
大多数病例为男性（65.8%），中位年龄为 43 岁（IQR：33-55）。492 例（22.5%）患者至少有一种合并症，最常见的是高血压（74.2%）和糖尿病（30.3%）。死亡率为 3.3%，合并症患者的死亡率明显高于无合并症患者。预测死亡的合并症有高血压（OR：2.21，95%CI：1.22-4.01）、糖尿病（OR：3.69，95%CI：1.99-6.85）、肾脏疾病（OR：12.53，95%CI：1.97-79.56）、癌症（OR：14.12，95%CI：2.03-98.19）和 HIV（OR：1.77-84.15）。
在尼日利亚拉各斯，COVID-19 患者合并症较为普遍，且与死亡相关的风险较高。随着大流行的发展，建议对 COVID-19 合并症患者进行公众教育、早期识别和针对性护理。
