European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University Münster (WWU), Münster, Germany.
Biomarkers and Translational Technologies, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021 Dec;49(1):174-185. doi: 10.1007/s00259-021-05276-5. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Gliomas are highly dynamic and heterogeneous tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). They constitute the most common neoplasm of the CNS and the second most common cause of death from intracranial disease after stroke. The advances in detailing the genetic profile of paediatric and adult gliomas along with the progress in MRI and PET multimodal molecular imaging technologies have greatly improved prognostic stratification of patients with glioma and informed on treatment decisions. Amino acid PET has already gained broad clinical application in the study of gliomas. PET imaging targeting the translocator protein (TSPO) has recently been applied to decipher the heterogeneity and dynamics of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and its various cellular components especially in view of targeted immune therapies with the goal to delineate pro- and anti-glioma immune cell modulation. The current review provides a comprehensive overview on the historical developments of TSPO PET for gliomas and summarizes the most relevant experimental and clinical data with regard to the assessment and quantification of various cellular components with the TME of gliomas by in vivo TSPO PET imaging.
神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统（CNS）中高度动态和异质性的肿瘤。它们构成了 CNS 中最常见的肿瘤，也是仅次于中风的颅内疾病导致死亡的第二大原因。随着儿科和成人神经胶质瘤的遗传特征的详细研究以及 MRI 和 PET 多模态分子成像技术的进步，极大地改善了神经胶质瘤患者的预后分层，并为治疗决策提供了信息。氨基酸 PET 已经在神经胶质瘤的研究中得到了广泛的临床应用。针对转位蛋白（TSPO）的 PET 成像最近已应用于破译肿瘤微环境（TME）及其各种细胞成分的异质性和动态，特别是在针对免疫疗法的靶向治疗方面，目的是描绘出促神经胶质瘤和抗神经胶质瘤免疫细胞的调节。目前的综述全面概述了 TSPO PET 用于神经胶质瘤的历史发展，并总结了有关通过体内 TSPO PET 成像评估和量化神经胶质瘤 TME 的各种细胞成分的最相关的实验和临床数据。
