Guillet R, Wyatt J, Baggs R B, Kellogg C K
Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, NY 14627.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988 Jun;29(6):949-54.
Developmental critical periods for the induction of abnormalities by exposure to exogenous substances need not be confined to the early embryonic stage of organogenesis. The combination of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine, two commonly used anesthetic agents, resulted in a corneal epithelial calcium deposition in 84% of rat pups whose exposure was limited to a single injection during the third postnatal week only. Concurrent exposure to ketamine hydrochloride, xylazine, and yohimbine, an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor antagonist, resulted in corneal lesions in only 6% of rat pups so exposed. The etiology is presently not understood but may involve interference with neurally directed corneal development. Corneal desiccation may also play a role. Altered drug metabolism, and toxic interactions resulting from a changing oxygen or light milieu are less likely etiologic mechanisms. Aspects of corneal development and mechanisms by which drugs can interact with and disturb normal maturational sequences can now be approached.
暴露于外源性物质诱导异常的发育关键期不必局限于器官发生的早期胚胎阶段。盐酸氯胺酮和赛拉嗪这两种常用麻醉剂的组合，导致84%的幼鼠出现角膜上皮钙沉积，这些幼鼠仅在出生后第三周接受了一次注射。同时暴露于盐酸氯胺酮、赛拉嗪和育亨宾（一种α2肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂），如此暴露的幼鼠中只有6%出现角膜病变。其病因目前尚不清楚，但可能涉及对神经主导的角膜发育的干扰。角膜干燥也可能起作用。药物代谢改变以及因氧或光照环境变化导致的毒性相互作用不太可能是病因机制。现在可以探讨角膜发育的各个方面以及药物与正常成熟序列相互作用并干扰其的机制。
