Maternal-Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Oct;35(20):4022-4027. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1844656. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Mirror syndrome is a rare disease associated with high fetal mortality of up to 67.2%. It is thought to be underdiagnosed and is often associated with preeclampsia. Mirror syndrome is characterized by "triple edema": generalized maternal, placental, and fetal edema.
This comprehensive review aims to thoroughly summarize the existing data and provide a broad update on the topic to help accurate diagnosis and encourage further research.
A comprehensive search of several databases (Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and Daily, Ovid EMBASE, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus) was conducted.
The last systematic review of mirror syndrome cases was conducted in 2016 and included 113 patients. Much is still unknown about the pathophysiology of the disease and it remains underdiagnosed.
Mirror syndrome is likely more prevalent than current data suggests for it is often misdiagnosed as pre-eclampsia. The differential of Mirror syndrome should be considered in anomalous presentations of pre-eclampsia as intervention may save the fetus and improve maternal symptoms. It is important to further the study on the pathophysiology of the disease to better understand, diagnose and potentially treat it, to avoid its high morbidity and mortality.
镜像综合征是一种罕见的疾病，与高达 67.2%的胎儿死亡率相关。据认为，该疾病诊断不足，且常与子痫前期相关。镜像综合征的特征为“三重水肿”：母体全身水肿、胎盘水肿和胎儿水肿。
本综述旨在全面总结现有数据，并对该主题进行广泛更新，以帮助准确诊断，并鼓励进一步研究。
对多个数据库（Ovid MEDLINE®和 Epub 提前打印、在处理中和其他未加索引的引文、每日更新，Ovid EMBASE，Ovid Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库、Ovid Cochrane 系统评价数据库和 Scopus）进行全面检索。
上一次镜像综合征病例的系统回顾是在 2016 年进行的，共纳入了 113 例患者。目前对于该疾病的病理生理学仍然知之甚少，且诊断不足。
镜像综合征的发病率可能高于目前的数据，因为它经常被误诊为子痫前期。在子痫前期的异常表现中应考虑镜像综合征的鉴别诊断，因为干预可能挽救胎儿并改善母体症状。进一步研究该疾病的病理生理学对于更好地理解、诊断和潜在治疗该疾病，以避免其高发病率和死亡率非常重要。
