Research Department of Child Nutrition, University Hospital of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Alexandrinenstraße 5, Bochum44791, Germany.
Haale, Germany.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Jun;24(9):2411-2423. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021001099. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
The present study aimed to assess the current state of breast-feeding promotion in hospitals and the prevalence of breast-feeding during the first year of life in Germany and to compare the results with a study 20 years earlier.
In the studies on 'breast-feeding and infant nutrition in Germany' named 'SuSe', a cross-sectional survey in hospitals was combined with a subsequent prospective survey of breast-feeding and infant nutrition during the first year of life (0·5, 2, 4, 6 and 12 months after birth) in mother-infant pairs who were recruited in the hospitals. Written questionnaires and phone calls were used in SuSe I and web-based questionnaires in SuSe II. Breast-feeding promotion and prevalence were evaluated using recommendations from the WHO and the UNICEF.
Two nationwide surveys SuSe I (1997-1998) and SuSe II (2017-2019).
In SuSe I, 177 hospitals and 1717 mother-infant pairs and in SuSe II 109 hospitals and 962 mother-infant pairs were included.
In SuSe II, hospitals implemented seven of the WHO 'Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding' to a greater extent than the hospitals in SuSe I. More mothers exclusively breastfed for 4 months (57 % v. 33 %) and continued breast-feeding until 6 (78 % v. 48 %) and 12 months (41 % v. 13 %). In both studies, exclusive breast-feeding decreased between 4 and 6 months of age due to the introduction of complementary feeding.
In Germany, breast-feeding habits have come closer to the recommendations over the last 20 years.
本研究旨在评估德国医院目前的母乳喂养促进状况以及婴儿生命第一年母乳喂养的流行情况，并将结果与 20 年前的一项研究进行比较。
在名为“SuSe”的“德国母乳喂养和婴儿营养研究”中，将医院的横断面调查与随后对母乳喂养和婴儿生命第一年（出生后 0.5、2、4、6 和 12 个月）的前瞻性调查相结合，在医院招募的母婴对中进行。SuSe I 使用书面问卷和电话，SuSe II 使用基于网络的问卷。使用世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会的建议评估母乳喂养促进和流行情况。
两次全国性调查 SuSe I（1997-1998 年）和 SuSe II（2017-2019 年）。
在 SuSe I 中，有 177 家医院和 1717 对母婴以及 SuSe II 中的 109 家医院和 962 对母婴参与了研究。
在 SuSe II 中，医院实施了世界卫生组织“成功母乳喂养的十项措施”中的七项，比 SuSe I 中的医院实施得更多。更多的母亲仅在 4 个月时进行母乳喂养（57%比 33%），并持续母乳喂养至 6 个月（78%比 48%）和 12 个月（41%比 13%）。在这两项研究中，由于引入了补充喂养，4 至 6 个月时的纯母乳喂养率下降。
在过去的 20 年中，德国的母乳喂养习惯越来越接近建议。
