自闭症学生要求行为的习得与功能分析。
Acquisition and functional analysis of manding with autistic students.
作者信息
Yamamoto J, Mochizuki A
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1988 Spring;21(1):57-64. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1988.21-57.
Three autistic students were trained to request a specific object from an adult "supplier" with the sentence, "Give me--" and to deliver that object to another adult, the "director." Subsequently, the degree to which the object offered by the supplier controlled the "Give me--" verbal response was assessed by delivering to the student an object other than the one requested. Despite knowing the names of all objects used in the experiment, students accepted and delivered to the director any object offered by the supplier regardless of its match with the requested object. After training to say "That's not it. Give me--" when nonrequested objects were offered, students responded differentially to requested and nonrequested objects, suggesting control of the "Give me--" response by the requested object, a characteristic of a mand. These results generalized across settings and objects. Results are discussed in terms of the training technique to establish manding and the functional analysis of the resulting verbal behavior.
三名自闭症学生接受训练，用“给我——”这句话向成年“供应者”索要特定物品，并将该物品交给另一名成年“指导者”。随后，通过向学生提供非所要求的物品，评估供应者提供的物品对“给我——”言语反应的控制程度。尽管学生知道实验中使用的所有物品的名称，但无论供应者提供的物品是否与所要求的物品匹配，他们都会接受并交给指导者。在训练学生在被提供非所要求的物品时说“不是这个。给我——”之后，学生对所要求的物品和非所要求的物品有了不同的反应，这表明所要求的物品对“给我——”反应有控制作用，这是指令的一个特征。这些结果在不同场景和物品中都得到了推广。本文从建立指令的训练技术和由此产生的言语行为的功能分析方面对结果进行了讨论。
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