Tuncsoy Benay, Mese Yagmur
Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana, Turkey.
Faculty of Science and Letters, Biology Department, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jul;28(28):38007-38015. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13409-4. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
Nanomaterials of different sizes and diameters are frequently used in various industrial areas, due to the rapid development of nanotechnology. Hence, it leads to toxic effects on the environment and non-target organisms, and adverse effects such as oxidative stress and membrane damage in cells and tissues are occurred. Some biomarkers such as the accumulation of intermediate products, detoxification of the immune system, or xenobiotic are used in the detection of toxic effects of exogenous substances in living organisms. In this study, the effects on catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) enzyme activities to determine the toxic effects of TiO NPs on antioxidant defense system, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity to determine their neurotoxic effects, and total hemocyte count (THC) to determine their effect on the immune system were investigated in model organism Galleria mellonella larvae. It was determined that major amounts of Ti were mostly eliminated through the Malpighian tubules. Moreover, TiO NPs in different concentrations caused the formation of reactive oxygen species in G. mellonella and lead to an increase in antioxidant enzymes. Decreases were found in THC due to the TiO NP application. As a result, it was concluded that TiO NPs caused accumulation in tissues of the model organism G. mellonella, resulting in oxidative stress and has adverse effects on the immune system.
由于纳米技术的快速发展，不同尺寸和直径的纳米材料在各个工业领域中被频繁使用。因此，这对环境和非目标生物产生了毒性影响，并在细胞和组织中引发了氧化应激和膜损伤等不良反应。一些生物标志物，如中间产物的积累、免疫系统的解毒或外源性物质，被用于检测生物体中外源物质的毒性作用。在本研究中，在模式生物大蜡螟幼虫中研究了二氧化钛纳米颗粒（TiO NPs）对过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST）酶活性的影响，以确定其对抗氧化防御系统的毒性作用；研究了对乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性的影响，以确定其神经毒性作用；还研究了对总血细胞计数（THC）的影响，以确定其对免疫系统的作用。结果发现，大部分钛主要通过马氏管排出。此外，不同浓度的TiO NPs在大蜡螟中导致活性氧的形成，并导致抗氧化酶增加。由于应用TiO NPs，THC有所下降。结果得出结论，TiO NPs在模式生物大蜡螟的组织中积累，导致氧化应激，并对免疫系统产生不利影响。
