Sentis Arnaud, Montoya Jose M, Lurgi Miguel
Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France.
INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, 3275 route Cézanne, 13182 Aix-en-Provence, France.
Proc Biol Sci. 2021 Mar 31;288(1947):20202622. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2622. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Climate warming and biological invasions are key drivers of biodiversity change. Their combined effects on ecological communities remain largely unexplored. We investigated the direct and indirect influences of temperature on invasion success, and their synergistic effects on community structure and dynamics. Using size-structured food web models, we found that higher temperatures increased invasion success. The direct physiological effects of temperature on invasions were minimal in comparison with indirect effects mediated by changes on food web structure and stability. Warmer communities with less connectivity, shortened food chains and reduced temporal variability were more susceptible to invasions. The directionality and magnitude of invasions effects on food webs varied across temperature regimes. When invaded, warmer communities became smaller, more connected and with more predator species than their colder counterparts. They were also less stable and their species more abundant. Considering food web structure is crucial to predict invasion success and its impacts along temperature gradients.
气候变暖与生物入侵是生物多样性变化的关键驱动因素。它们对生态群落的综合影响在很大程度上仍未得到探究。我们研究了温度对入侵成功的直接和间接影响，以及它们对群落结构和动态的协同效应。利用按大小构建的食物网模型，我们发现较高温度会增加入侵成功率。与由食物网结构和稳定性变化介导的间接影响相比，温度对入侵的直接生理影响极小。连通性较低、食物链较短且时间变异性较小的较温暖群落更容易受到入侵。入侵对食物网的影响方向和程度在不同温度条件下有所不同。受到入侵时，较温暖的群落相比寒冷群落变得更小、连通性更高且捕食者物种更多。它们也更不稳定，物种更丰富。考虑食物网结构对于预测入侵成功率及其沿温度梯度的影响至关重要。
