Inoue-Hirakawa Tomoe, Ito Arisa, Iguchi Saki, Watanabe Hikari, Kato Chikako, Sugiura Hideshi, Suzuki Shigeyuki
Department of Physical Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, Nagoya University School of Health Science, Nagoya, Japan.
Nagoya J Med Sci. 2021 Feb;83(1):41-49. doi: 10.18999/nagjms.83.1.41.
The effects of pregnancy on balance with the eyes closed and maximum walking speed remain unclarified. The present study aimed to examine the effect of simulated gestational weight gain on balance, gait, and fear of falling in nulligravid women to enhance understanding of the impact of gestational weight gain. We prospectively evaluated the following outcomes in 24 healthy nulligravid women with and without a maternity-simulation jacket that simulated third-trimester pregnancy. To measure balance, we used the single-leg-stance test with eyes open and closed, and the functional reach test. We evaluated gait function by measuring walking speed, step length, and cadence at self-selected and maximum speeds. We used the timed-up-and-go test as a comprehensive measure of gait and balance, and the modified falls efficacy scale to evaluate fear of falling. Differences in these parameters between a simulated gestational weight gain condition and a "nonpregnant" condition were assessed. Simulated gestational weight gain caused significantly worse performances in the single-leg-stance test with eyes open and closed, functional reach test, walking speed, step length at self-selected and maximum speeds, and timed-up-and-go test. The effect size was larger for the single-leg-stance test with eyes closed than with eyes open. The average score for each modified falls efficacy scale item ranged from 4.7-8.5. In conclusion, balance decreased with simulated gestational weight gain, and balance may be more affected without visual feedback. Simulated gestational weight gain resulted in worse gait function at both self-selected and maximum speeds.
妊娠对闭眼平衡及最大步行速度的影响尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨模拟孕期体重增加对未孕女性平衡、步态及跌倒恐惧的影响，以增进对孕期体重增加影响的理解。我们前瞻性地评估了24名健康未孕女性在穿着和不穿着模拟孕晚期妊娠的孕妇模拟夹克情况下的以下结果。为测量平衡，我们使用了睁眼和闭眼单腿站立测试以及功能性伸展测试。我们通过测量自选速度和最大速度下的步行速度、步长和步频来评估步态功能。我们使用定时起立行走测试作为步态和平衡的综合测量方法，并使用改良跌倒效能量表来评估跌倒恐惧。评估了模拟孕期体重增加状态和“非孕”状态下这些参数的差异。模拟孕期体重增加导致在睁眼和闭眼单腿站立测试、功能性伸展测试、步行速度、自选速度和最大速度下的步长以及定时起立行走测试中的表现明显更差。闭眼单腿站立测试的效应量大于睁眼测试。改良跌倒效能量表各项目的平均得分在4.7 - 8.5之间。总之，模拟孕期体重增加会导致平衡能力下降，且在没有视觉反馈的情况下平衡可能更容易受到影响。模拟孕期体重增加会导致自选速度和最大速度下的步态功能变差。
