Garoy Eyob Yohannes, Gebreab Yacob Berhane, Achila Oliver Okoth, Tecklebrhan Nobiel, Tsegai Hermon Michael, Hailu Alex Zecarias, Buthuamlak Abrehet Marikos, Asfaga Tewelde Ghide, Hamida Mohammed Elfatih
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences (OCMHS), Asmara, Eritrea.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Asmara College of Health Science (ACHS), Asmara, Eritrea.
Int J Microbiol. 2021 Feb 26;2021:6690222. doi: 10.1155/2021/6690222. eCollection 2021.
The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of understanding the epidemiology of MDR organisms from a local standpoint. Here, we report on a spectrum of bacteria associated with surgical site infections in two referral hospitals in Eritrea and the associated antibiotic susceptibility patterns.
This survey was conducted between February and June 2017. A total of 83 patients receiving treatment for various surgical conditions were included. Swabs from infected surgical sites were collected using Levine technique and processed using standard microbiological procedures. antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on Mueller-Hinton Agar by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
A total of 116 isolates were recovered from 83 patients. In total, 67 (58%) and 49 (42%) of the isolates were Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. The most common isolates included spp., spp., , spp spp., spp., and spp. In contrast, CONS, and were the predominant Gram-positive isolates. All the isolates were resistant to penicillin. MRSA phenotype was observed in 70% of the isolates. Vancomycin, clindamycin, and erythromycin resistance were observed in 60%, 25%, and 25% of the isolates, respectively. Furthermore, a high proportion (91%) of the Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin and 100% of the and isolates were resistant to >5 of the tested antibiotics. The two isolates were resistant to >7 antimicrobial agents. We also noted that 4 (60%) of the isolates were resistant to >5 antimicrobial agents. Possible pan-drug-resistant (PDR) strains were also isolated.
Due to the high frequency of MDR isolates reported in this study, the development and implementation of suitable infection control policies and guidelines is imperative.
世界卫生组织强调了从地方角度了解耐多药微生物流行病学的重要性。在此，我们报告厄立特里亚两家转诊医院与手术部位感染相关的一系列细菌及其相关的抗生素敏感性模式。
本调查于2017年2月至6月进行。共纳入83例因各种外科疾病接受治疗的患者。采用莱文技术从感染的手术部位采集拭子，并使用标准微生物学程序进行处理。按照临床和实验室标准协会指南，采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法在 Mueller-Hinton 琼脂上进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。使用SPSS 20版软件对数据进行分析。
从83例患者中共分离出116株菌株。其中，革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌分离株分别有67株（58%）和49株（42%）。最常见的分离株包括……菌属、……菌属、……菌属、……菌属、……菌属和……菌属。相比之下，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和……是主要的革兰氏阳性分离株。所有……分离株均对青霉素耐药。在70%的分离株中观察到耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）表型。分别在60%、25%和25%的分离株中观察到对万古霉素、克林霉素和红霉素的耐药性。此外，高比例（91%）的革兰氏阴性菌对氨苄西林耐药，100%的……和……分离株对>5种受试抗生素耐药。两株……分离株对>7种抗菌药物耐药。我们还注意到，……分离株中有4株（60%）对>5种抗菌药物耐药。还分离出了可能的全耐药（PDR）菌株。
由于本研究中报告的耐多药分离株频率较高，制定和实施合适的感染控制政策和指南势在必行。
