Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Central Management, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Ear Nose Throat J. 2023 May;102(5):323-328. doi: 10.1177/01455613211000170. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
OBJECTIVE: To directly compare the prevalence of chemosensory dysfunction (smell and taste) in geographically distinct regions with the same questionnaires. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the self-reported symptoms among adults (older than 18 years) who underwent COVID-19 testing at an ambulatory assessment center in Canada and at a hospital in Israel between March 16, 2020, and August 19, 2020. The primary outcome was the prevalence of self-reported chemosensory dysfunction (anosmia/hypomsia and dysgeusia/ageusia). Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the prevalence of chemosensory deficits among the outpatients. RESULTS: We identified a total of 350 COVID-19-positive patients (138 Canadians and 212 Israelis). The overall prevalence of chemosensory dysfunction was 47.1%. There was a higher proportion of chemosensory deficits among Canadians compared to Israelis (66.7% vs 34.4%, P < .01). A subgroup analysis for outpatients (never hospitalized) still identified a higher prevalence of chemosensory dysfunction among Canadians compared to Israelis (68.2% vs 36.1%, P < 0.01). A majority of patients recovered their sense of smell after 4 weeks of symptom onset. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of chemosensory deficit in COVID-19 was found to be similar to previously published reports, the prevalence can vary significantly across different geographical regions. Therefore, it is important to obtain regionally specific data so that the symptom of anosmia/dysgeusia can be used as a guide for screening for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19.
目的:直接比较具有相同问卷的地理位置不同地区的化学感觉功能障碍(嗅觉和味觉)的流行率。
方法:对 2020 年 3 月 16 日至 8 月 19 日期间在加拿大的一个门诊评估中心和以色列的一家医院接受 COVID-19 检测的成年人(18 岁以上)进行了一项横断面研究,以评估自我报告的症状。主要结局是报告的化学感觉功能障碍(嗅觉丧失/减退和味觉障碍/味觉丧失)的流行率。进行了亚组分析,以评估门诊患者中化学感觉缺陷的流行率。
结果:我们共确定了 350 名 COVID-19 阳性患者(138 名加拿大人和 212 名以色列人)。化学感觉功能障碍的总体流行率为 47.1%。与以色列人相比,加拿大人的化学感觉缺陷比例更高(66.7%对 34.4%,P<0.01)。门诊患者(从未住院)的亚组分析仍发现,与以色列人相比,加拿大人的化学感觉功能障碍患病率更高(68.2%对 36.1%,P<0.01)。大多数患者在症状出现后 4 周内恢复了嗅觉。
结论:尽管 COVID-19 中化学感觉缺陷的流行率与先前发表的报告相似,但在不同地理区域之间差异显著。因此,获取特定于区域的数据非常重要,以便嗅觉丧失/味觉障碍的症状可以用作 COVID-19 临床诊断筛查的指南。
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