新冠患者嗅觉功能障碍。
Olfactory dysfunction among patients with COVID-19.
机构信息
From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alkholaiwi, Alotaibi), College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the College of Medicine (Almalki, Almughaiseeb, Alsubaie, Alhijli, Alobaishi), Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (Altamimi) From the Department of Family Medicine (Altamimi), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Family Medicine (Alsayahi), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from the Department of Family Medicine (Alqahtani), John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and from the Department of Paediatrics (Agrawal), Gandhi Medical College, MP, India.
出版信息
Saudi Med J. 2023 Nov;44(11):1085-1103. doi: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.11.20230264.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the frequency of olfactory dysfunction (OD) among individuals afflicted with coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19).
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was carried out across several bibliographical databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) to extract publications in the English language between January 2020 and December 2021 to report the incidence of OD alone or together with gustatory dysfunction (GD) among COVID-19 patients.
RESULTS
Based on eligibility criteria, 84 articles were included from 27 countries, comprising 36,903 patients, of whom 58.1% were females. The generality rates of olfactory impairment alone was 34.60% and in conjunction with GD was 11.36%. Patients with OD were subclassified into various categories, and the prevalence of anosmia was 20.85%, 5.04% for hyposmia, 8.88% for anosmia or hyposmia, 1.84% for parosmia, 0.78% for phantosmia, and 0.02% for hyperosmia, among COVID-19 patients.
CONCLUSION
Clinical features associated with OD, either isolated or in combination with GD, are common in patients with COVID-19 and consider important signs of COVID-19 that may guide clinicians in the early phase of the disease..
目的
评估 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者嗅觉功能障碍（OD）的发生频率。
方法
通过对几个文献数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science）进行全面文献检索，检索 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月间以英文发表的报告 COVID-19 患者 OD 单独或与味觉障碍（GD）一起发生的频率的文献。
结果
根据纳入标准，从 27 个国家筛选出 84 篇文章，共纳入 36903 名患者，其中 58.1%为女性。嗅觉障碍的总体发生率为 34.60%，嗅觉和味觉障碍同时存在的发生率为 11.36%。OD 患者被分为不同类别，其中失嗅的患病率为 20.85%，嗅觉减退为 5.04%，嗅觉丧失或嗅觉减退为 8.88%，嗅觉异常为 1.84%，幻嗅为 0.78%，嗅觉过度为 0.02%。
结论
COVID-19 患者中 OD 单独或与 GD 同时存在的临床特征较为常见，是 COVID-19 的重要体征，可能有助于临床医生在疾病早期进行诊断。
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