Sarkar Sudipa, Brown Todd T
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Asthma and Allergy Center 3B.74D, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2021 Mar 17;21(5):13. doi: 10.1007/s11892-021-01382-8.
To discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and complications of diabetes in people with HIV (PWH) and to review HIV-related factors that may contribute to the development of diabetes or alter decisions in the care and treatment of PWH with diabetes.
For those patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and/or chronic kidney disease, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors should be considered for use. Evidence for this recommendation is, however, based on studies that were not conducted in populations consisting solely of PWH. Diabetes is a significant comorbidity in PWH and adds to their already heightened risk of cardiovascular disease. HIV-specific factors, including interactions of antiretroviral therapy with medications that either treat diabetes and/or prevent cardiovascular disease, should be evaluated.
讨论HIV感染者（PWH）糖尿病的诊断、治疗及并发症，并回顾可能导致糖尿病发生或改变PWH糖尿病护理和治疗决策的HIV相关因素。
对于患有动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病、心力衰竭和/或慢性肾脏病的患者，应考虑使用胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）受体激动剂和钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT-2）抑制剂。然而，这一推荐的证据基于并非仅在PWH人群中开展的研究。糖尿病是PWH的一种重要合并症，并增加了他们本就较高的心血管疾病风险。应评估HIV特异性因素，包括抗逆转录病毒疗法与治疗糖尿病和/或预防心血管疾病药物之间的相互作用。
