Shamsalinia Abbas, Moradi Mozhgan, Rad Reza Ebrahimi, Ghadimi Reza, Farahani Mansoureh Ashghali, Masoudi Reza, Rabiei Leili, Ghaffari Fatemeh
Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Neurol. 2021 Mar 17;21(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s12883-021-02139-2.
Apathy in patients with epilepsy is associated with a wide range of consequences that reduce the patient's ability to perform social functions and participate in self-care and rehabilitation programs. Therefore, apathy is one of the important diagnoses of the healthcare team in the process of caring for epileptic patients and its dimensions need to be examined and recognized. Therefore, appropriate instruments with the sociocultural milieu of each community should be provided to health care providers. The aim of the present study was to design and measure epilepsy-related apathy scale (E-RAS) in adults with epilepsy.
This study of sequential exploratory mixed methods design was conducted in Iran from April 2019 to December 2019. In the Item generation stage, two inductive (face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with 17 adult epileptic patients) and deductive (literature review) were used. In item reduction, integration of qualitative and literature reviews and scale evaluation were accomplished. For Scale Evaluation, face, content, construct [exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 360) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 200)], convergent and divergent Validity and reliability (internal consistency and stability) were investigated.
The results of EFA showed that E-RAS has four factors, namely, motivation; self-regulatory; cognition and emotional-effective. These four latent factors accounted for a total of 48.351% of the total variance in the E-RAS construct. The results of CFA showed that the 4-factor model of E-RAS has the highest fit with the data. The results of convergent and divergent validity showed that the values of composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) for the four factors were greater than 0.7 and 0.5, respectively, and the value of AVE for each factor was greater than CR. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale was obtained 0.815. The results of the test-retest showed that there was a significant agreement between the test and retest scores (P < 0.001).
E-RAS is a multidimensional construct consisting of 24 items, and has acceptable validity and reliability for the study of epilepsy-related apathy in adult epileptic patients.
癫痫患者的冷漠与一系列后果相关，这些后果会降低患者履行社会功能以及参与自我护理和康复计划的能力。因此，冷漠是医护团队在照料癫痫患者过程中的重要诊断之一，其维度需要进行检查和识别。因此，应向医护人员提供适合每个社区社会文化环境的工具。本研究的目的是设计并测量成年癫痫患者的癫痫相关冷漠量表（E-RAS）。
本研究采用顺序探索性混合方法设计，于2019年4月至2019年12月在伊朗进行。在条目生成阶段，使用了两种方法，即归纳法（对17名成年癫痫患者进行面对面和半结构化访谈）和演绎法（文献综述）。在条目删减阶段，完成了定性和文献综述的整合以及量表评估。对于量表评估，研究了表面效度、内容效度、结构效度[探索性因素分析（EFA）（n = 360）和验证性因素分析（CFA）（n = 200）]、聚合效度和区分效度以及信度（内部一致性和稳定性）。
EFA结果表明，E-RAS有四个因子，即动机；自我调节；认知和情感效能。这四个潜在因子共占E-RAS结构总方差的48.351%。CFA结果表明，E-RAS的四因子模型与数据的拟合度最高。聚合效度和区分效度结果表明，四个因子的组合信度（CR）和平均提取方差（AVE）值分别大于0.7和0.5，且每个因子的AVE值大于CR。整个量表的Cronbach's alpha系数为0.815。重测结果表明，测试得分与重测得分之间存在显著一致性（P < 0.001）。
E-RAS是一个由24个条目组成的多维度结构，对于研究成年癫痫患者的癫痫相关冷漠具有可接受的效度和信度。
