Ghaffari Seyedeh Fatemeh, Sharif Nia Hamid, Elyasi Forouzan, Shahhosseini Zohreh, Mohammadpoorsaravimozafar Zohre
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Amol Faculty of Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Mar 20;21(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-03696-7.
Fear of childbirth is reported in 13% of fathers, and it may have adverse consequences for the fathers' health as well as their families. To reduce the fear of childbirth in the expectant fathers, an appropriate screening tool is needed. Due to the lack of a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure fathers' fear of childbirth, this study was conducted to develop the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale and evaluate its psychometric properties.
This mixed method study was conducted in two phases. In the qualitative phase (or item generation), semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 expectant fathers, and a literature review was performed to generate the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale items pool. In the quantitative phase (or psychometric evaluation), reliability as well as face, content, and construct validity of this scale were evaluated. To establish construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency and composite reliability measures.
The primary version of Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale contained 32 items, which were reduced to 17 items while establishing construct validity. Exploratory factor analysis extracted two factors, namely fear of childbirth process (12 items) and fear of hospital (5 items). These factors explained 50.82% of the total variance. Goodness of fit indices within the confirmatory factor analysis was acceptable. Internal consistency and composite reliability indices of all the factors were greater than 0.70.
The Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale has a suitable validity and reliability for assessing fear of childbirth in fathers. It is a simple report instrument that can be easily implemented by health care professionals.
据报道，13%的准父亲存在分娩恐惧，这可能会对其自身健康以及家庭产生不良影响。为了减轻准父亲的分娩恐惧，需要一种合适的筛查工具。由于缺乏有效且可靠的问卷来衡量准父亲的分娩恐惧，本研究旨在开发“准父亲分娩恐惧量表”并评估其心理测量特性。
这项混合方法研究分两个阶段进行。在定性阶段（即条目生成阶段），对20位准父亲进行了半结构化访谈，并进行了文献综述以生成“准父亲分娩恐惧量表”的条目池。在定量阶段（即心理测量评估阶段），评估了该量表的信度以及表面效度、内容效度和结构效度。为了建立结构效度，进行了探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析。通过内部一致性和组合信度测量来评估信度。
“准父亲分娩恐惧量表”的初始版本包含32个条目，在建立结构效度时减少到了17个条目。探索性因素分析提取出两个因素，即分娩过程恐惧（12个条目）和医院恐惧（5个条目）。这些因素解释了总方差的50.82%。验证性因素分析中的拟合优度指标是可接受的。所有因素的内部一致性和组合信度指标均大于0.70。
“准父亲分娩恐惧量表”在评估准父亲的分娩恐惧方面具有合适的效度和信度。它是一种简单的报告工具，医疗保健专业人员可以轻松实施。
