Tanae Mamoru, Ota Keiji, Takiyama Ken
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, United States.
Front Sports Act Living. 2021 Feb 26;3:637225. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2021.637225. eCollection 2021.
Humans tend to select motor planning with a high reward and low success compared with motor planning, which has a small reward and high success rate. Previous studies have shown such a risk-seeking property in motor decision tasks. However, it is unclear how to facilitate a shift from risk-seeking to optimal motor planning that maximizes the expected reward. Here, we investigate the effect of interacting with virtual partners/opponents on motor plans since interpersonal interaction has a powerful influence on human perception, action, and cognition. This study compared three types of interactions (competition, cooperation, and observation) and two types of virtual partners/opponents (those engaged in optimal motor planning and those engaged in risk-averse motor planning). As reported in previous studies, the participants took a risky aim point when they performed a motor decision task alone. However, we found that the participant's aim point was significantly modulated when they performed the same task while competing with a risk-averse opponent ( = 0.018) and that there was no significant difference from the optimal aim point ( = 0.63). No significant modulation in the aim points was observed during the cooperation and observation tasks. These results highlight the importance of competition for modulating suboptimal decision-making and optimizing motor performance.
与具有小奖励和高成功率的运动规划相比，人类倾向于选择具有高奖励和低成功率的运动规划。先前的研究已经在运动决策任务中显示出这种风险寻求特性。然而，尚不清楚如何促进从风险寻求转向能使预期奖励最大化的最优运动规划。在此，我们研究与虚拟伙伴/对手互动对运动计划的影响，因为人际互动对人类的感知、行动和认知有强大影响。本研究比较了三种互动类型（竞争、合作和观察）以及两种虚拟伙伴/对手类型（那些进行最优运动规划的和那些进行风险规避运动规划的）。如先前研究报道，参与者在独自执行运动决策任务时会采取有风险的目标点。然而，我们发现当参与者与一个风险规避对手竞争时执行相同任务，其目标点会显著受到调节（ = 0.018），并且与最优目标点没有显著差异（ = 0.63）。在合作和观察任务期间，未观察到目标点有显著调节。这些结果突出了竞争对于调节次优决策和优化运动表现的重要性。
