Laboratory of Sports Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 13;9(1):11732. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48052-0.
Humans are often required to make decisions under time constraints and to adjust speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) based on time constraints. Previous studies have investigated how humans adjust SAT depending on the time discount rate of expected gain. Although the expected gain of actions can be determined by both gain and probability, only situations where gain decreases over time have been tested. Considering the effect of risk on decision-making, the difference in time discount factors may modulate the response strategies for SAT, since temporal changes in variance of possible outcomes differ when gain or probability decreases over time. Here, we investigated the response strategies for SAT under different time discount factors. Participants were required to select one of the two options with different initial values in situations where the expected gain of options declined over time by a linear decrease in gain or probability. Comparison of response strategies between conditions revealed that response times in the gain condition were longer than those in the probability condition, possibly due to risk-aversion. These findings indicate the existence of common rules underpinning sensorimotor and economic decision-making.
人类经常需要在时间限制下做出决策，并根据时间限制调整速度准确性权衡（SAT）。以前的研究已经调查了人类如何根据预期收益的时间折扣率来调整 SAT。尽管行动的预期收益可以由收益和概率共同决定，但只测试了收益随时间减少的情况。考虑到风险对决策的影响，时间折扣因素的差异可能会调节 SAT 的反应策略，因为当收益或概率随时间减少时，可能结果方差的时间变化不同。在这里，我们研究了在不同时间折扣因素下 SAT 的反应策略。在选项的预期收益随时间线性减少的情况下，参与者需要从两个具有不同初始值的选项中选择一个。条件之间的反应策略比较表明，收益条件下的反应时间比概率条件下的反应时间长，这可能是由于风险规避。这些发现表明，在感觉运动和经济决策中有共同的规则。
