State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 15;769:145248. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145248. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Soil fungi are key drivers in regulating the ecosystem function, playing a vital role in protecting the plant from phytopathogens and other biotic and abiotic pressures. However, the potential impact of compost addition and soil aggregate size on the fungal community and functional ecological guild remains uncertain. This study investigated the structure, composition, and function of soil fungal communities across aggregate fractions under food waste compost addition using Miseq sequencing and FUNGuild. Compost addition exerted a negative impact on fungal α-diversity, and shifted the structure and changed the composition of fungal community. Compost addition rates exhibited more contributions to fungal α-diversity variations (R = 0.609, 0.895, and 0.501 for Sobs, Shannon, and Chao indices, respectively, P = 0.001) and the separation of community structure than soil aggregate size (R = 0.952, P = 0.001). Biomarkers, including Chaetomiaceae, Ascobolaceae, and Sordariomycete, displayed significant superiority in compost-added soils, whereas the populations of Nectriaceae and Clavicipitaceae were significantly decreased. The relative abundances of animal and plant pathogens were significantly decreased, whereas that of saprotrophs were increased. The abundances of pathogens correlated positively with pH and negatively with nutrients (soil organic matter, dissolved organic carbon, total nitrigen, NH, and NO), whereas those of saprotrophs showed an opposite trend. The dose of compost was the major driver for fungal functional guild variation, whereas carbon and nitrogen source exhibited more contributions to function variation than pH value. These results provide a reference for sustainable ecological agriculture by applying compost rationally under the conditions of soil health and agricultural performance.
土壤真菌是调节生态系统功能的关键驱动因素，在保护植物免受植物病原菌和其他生物及非生物压力方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，堆肥添加和土壤团聚体大小对真菌群落和功能生态类群的潜在影响仍不确定。本研究使用 Miseq 测序和 FUNGuild 研究了食物垃圾堆肥添加下各团聚体分片中土壤真菌群落的结构、组成和功能。堆肥添加对真菌 α-多样性产生了负面影响，并改变了真菌群落的结构和组成。堆肥添加率对真菌 α-多样性变化的贡献更大（Sobs、Shannon 和 Chao 指数的 R 值分别为 0.609、0.895 和 0.501，P 值均为 0.001），而对土壤团聚体大小的影响较小（R 值为 0.952，P 值为 0.001）。在添加堆肥的土壤中，Chaetomiaceae、Ascobolaceae 和 Sordariomycete 等生物标志物表现出显著优势，而 Nectriaceae 和 Clavicipitaceae 的种群数量显著减少。动物和植物病原菌的相对丰度显著降低，而腐生物的相对丰度增加。病原菌的丰度与 pH 值呈正相关，与养分（土壤有机质、溶解性有机碳、总氮、NH 和 NO）呈负相关，而腐生物则呈相反趋势。堆肥的剂量是真菌功能类群变化的主要驱动因素，而碳源和氮源对功能变化的贡献大于 pH 值。这些结果为在土壤健康和农业性能条件下合理应用堆肥提供了可持续生态农业的参考。
