一种以育儿为重点的正念干预的情感神经机制。
Affective Neural Mechanisms of a Parenting-Focused Mindfulness Intervention.
作者信息
Turpyn Caitlin C, Chaplin Tara M, Fischer Sarah, Thompson James C, Fedota John R, Baer Ruth A, Martelli Alexandra M
机构信息
Caitlin Turpyn, Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; Tara Chaplin, Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; Sarah Fischer, Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; James Thompson, Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; John Fedota, Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA; Ruth Baer, Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA; Alexandra Martelli, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
出版信息
Mindfulness (N Y). 2021 Feb;12(2):392-404. doi: 10.1007/s12671-019-01118-6. Epub 2019 Feb 16.
OBJECTIVES
Behavioral evidence suggests that parenting-focused mindfulness interventions can improve parenting practices and enhance family wellbeing, potentially operating through altered emotional processing in parents. However, the mechanisms through which parent mindfulness interventions achieve their positive benefits have not yet been empirically tested, knowledge which is key to refine and maximize intervention effects. Thus, as part of a randomized controlled trial, the present study examined the affective mechanisms of an 8-week parenting-focused mindfulness intervention, the Parenting Mindfully (PM) intervention, versus a minimal-intervention parent education control.
METHODS
Twenty highly stressed mothers of adolescents completed pre- and post-intervention behavioral and fMRI sessions, in which mothers completed a parent-adolescent conflict interaction, fMRI emotion task, and fMRI resting state scan. Mothers reported on their mindful parenting, and maternal emotional reactivity to the parent-adolescent conflict task was assessed via observed emotion expression, self-reported negative emotion, and salivary cortisol reactivity.
RESULTS
Results indicated that the PM intervention increased brain responsivity in left posterior insula in response to negative affective stimuli, and altered resting state functional connectivity in regions involved in self-reference, behavioral regulation, and social-emotional processing. Changes in mothers' brain function and connectivity were associated with increased mindful parenting and decreased emotional reactivity to the parent-adolescent conflict task.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest that mindfulness-based changes in maternal emotional awareness at the neurobiological level are associated with decreased emotional reactivity in parenting interactions, illuminating potential neurobiological targets for future parent-focused intervention.
目的
行为学证据表明，以养育为重点的正念干预可以改善养育方式，增进家庭幸福感，可能是通过改变父母的情绪处理方式来实现的。然而，父母正念干预产生积极效果的机制尚未得到实证检验，而这一知识对于优化和最大化干预效果至关重要。因此，作为一项随机对照试验的一部分，本研究考察了一项为期8周、以养育为重点的正念干预——“正念养育”（PM）干预，与最低限度干预的家长教育对照措施相比的情感机制。
方法
20名压力很大的青少年母亲在干预前后完成了行为和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）测试，其中母亲们完成了亲子冲突互动、fMRI情绪任务和fMRI静息状态扫描。母亲们报告了她们的正念养育情况，并通过观察到的情绪表达、自我报告的负面情绪和唾液皮质醇反应性来评估母亲对亲子冲突任务的情绪反应性。
结果
结果表明，PM干预增加了左后岛叶对负面情感刺激的大脑反应性，并改变了涉及自我参照、行为调节和社会情感处理区域的静息状态功能连接。母亲大脑功能和连接性的变化与正念养育的增加以及对亲子冲突任务的情绪反应性降低有关。
结论
研究结果表明，在神经生物学水平上，基于正念的母亲情绪意识变化与养育互动中情绪反应性的降低有关，这为未来以父母为重点的干预提供了潜在的神经生物学靶点。
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