Department of Radiodiagnosis, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Department of Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021 Aug;46(8):3935-3945. doi: 10.1007/s00261-021-02983-3. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) also known as Whipple procedure is done for malignant lesions involving the distal CBD, duodenum, ampulla and pancreatic head. In the absence of peritoneal and distant metastases, resectability of the lesion is mainly determined by the relationship of the lesion with the vascular structures in the vicinity. Vascular variations of the celiac artery branches are common and PD, a complex surgical procedure, becomes more challenging if the vascular variations are present. In borderline resectable lesions advances in neoadjuvant therapies and refined surgical techniques are pushing the boundaries of resection. Extended PD is done in borderline resectable lesions when resection and reconstruction of portal vein involved by the primary mass and dissection of extended lymph nodal stations are intended. In this era where more borderline cases are undergoing surgery, it is essential for the radiologist to understand the procedure and the implications of variations in vascular anatomy. Though there are many radiology literatures available on the diagnostic and resectability criteria related to normal vessel anatomy there are very few on the importance of the variant arterial anatomy. The purpose of this review is to familiarize the readers with these variant vessels which can help the surgeons in their intraoperative identification and consequently improve surgical outcomes.
胰十二指肠切除术(PD)也称为 Whipple 手术,用于治疗涉及远端 CBD、十二指肠、壶腹和胰头的恶性病变。在没有腹膜和远处转移的情况下,病变的可切除性主要取决于病变与附近血管结构的关系。腹腔动脉分支的血管变异很常见,而 PD 是一种复杂的手术,如果存在血管变异,手术就会变得更加具有挑战性。在边界可切除病变中,新辅助治疗的进展和精细的手术技术正在推动切除的边界。当原发性肿块累及门静脉且需要进行门静脉切除和重建以及扩大淋巴结站的解剖时,在边界可切除病变中进行扩展 PD。在这个更多边界病例接受手术的时代,放射科医生了解手术程序以及血管解剖变异的影响至关重要。虽然有许多关于正常血管解剖的放射学文献可用于诊断和可切除性标准,但很少有关于变异动脉解剖的重要性的文献。本文综述的目的是让读者熟悉这些变异血管,这可以帮助外科医生在术中识别,并最终改善手术结果。