School of Economics and Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Aug;28(29):38594-38603. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13494-5. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
This study attempts to investigate the effect of the establishment of National New District (NND) on economic development and air pollution in China. For this purpose, this study adopts the difference-in-differences (DID) model, the propensity-score-matched difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) model, and the spatial difference-in-differences (SDID) model, using a panel data set of 69 large and medium-sized cities during the period of 2003-2018. The results show that NND promotes economic development but fails to reduce the emission of air pollution including per capita SO and per capita smoke without the consideration of spatial spillover effect. However, the promotion effect of NND on economic development is not supported after PSM matching. On the other hand, the advantage of the SDID model in policy evaluation is proved. For instance, with the consideration of spatial spillover effect, the win-win of promoting economic development and reducing air pollution are partially supported. Based on the above empirical findings, several policy implementations and research prospects are outlined.
本研究试图探讨国家新区（NND）的设立对中国经济发展和空气污染的影响。为此，本研究采用了差分法（DID）模型、倾向得分匹配差分法（PSM-DID）和空间差分法（SDID）模型，利用 2003-2018 年期间 69 个大中城市的面板数据。结果表明，NND 促进了经济发展，但在不考虑空间溢出效应的情况下，未能减少包括人均 SO 和人均烟尘在内的空气污染排放。然而，在进行 PSM 匹配后，NND 对经济发展的促进作用并不支持。另一方面，SDID 模型在政策评估方面的优势得到了证明。例如，在考虑空间溢出效应的情况下，部分支持了促进经济发展和减少空气污染的双赢局面。基于以上实证研究结果，提出了几项政策实施和研究展望。
