8431 Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2022 Jul;95(1):91-109. doi: 10.1177/00914150211001586. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Retirement can be a time of identity disruption for many older adults. Identity process theory (Whitbourne et al., 2002) states that age-related changes, such as retirement, can prompt an individual to incorporate new information about themselves into their personal identity using one of three identity process: assimilation, accommodation, and balance. Additionally, individual identity and the manner in which individuals retire-voluntary or involuntary-are associated with post-retirement well-being (Newton et al., 2018). The current study examined the relationship between identity processes, planned/unplanned retirement, and hedonic (life satisfaction) and eudaimonic (meaning in life) well-being in a sample of retired Canadians. Results indicated that identity accommodation and balance were associated with both types of post-retirement well-being, whereas unplanned retirement was consistently only related to life satisfaction. This study emphasizes the importance of including individual difference factors when examining older adults' well-being and the utility of measuring well-being in multiple ways.
退休可能会给许多老年人带来身份认同的混乱。身份过程理论（Whitbourne 等人，2002 年）指出，与年龄相关的变化，如退休，可以促使个人将新的自我信息融入到个人身份中，使用三种身份过程之一：同化、适应和平衡。此外，个体身份以及个体退休的方式（自愿或非自愿）与退休后的幸福感（Newton 等人，2018 年）有关。本研究在一组退休的加拿大人样本中，考察了身份过程、计划/非计划退休与享乐（生活满意度）和幸福（生活意义）之间的关系。结果表明，身份适应和平衡与两种类型的退休后幸福感都有关，而非计划退休则与生活满意度始终相关。本研究强调了在研究老年人幸福感时，考虑个体差异因素的重要性，以及采用多种方式衡量幸福感的效用。
