退休适应质量：人格特质和生殖力的纵向作用。
On the quality of adjustment to retirement: The longitudinal role of personality traits and generativity.
机构信息
Department of Cognition, Development, and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona.
Psychology Department, Wilfred Laurier University.
出版信息
J Pers. 2018 Jun;86(3):435-449. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12326. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
OBJECTIVE
Although psychological factors have been explored in relation to other life transitions, their influence on retirement adjustment quality has been largely overlooked. This study assessed the contribution of personality traits and generativity before retirement in the prediction of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being at two temporal points after retirement.
METHOD
This article analyzes data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) longitudinal sample. Specifically, it uses a subsample of people who were not retired at Time 1, but were 9 years after at Time 2 (n = 548) and 18 years after at Time 3 (n = 351).
RESULTS
After controlling both for initial values on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being and for the effects of personal attributes and resources, higher scores on Extraversion at Time 1 significantly predicted hedonic well-being at Time 2, whereas lower scores on Neuroticism and higher scores on generativity at Time 1 significantly predicted eudaimonic well-being at Time 2. Neuroticism and generative concern at Time 1 remained significant in the prediction of eudaimonic well-being at Time 3.
CONCLUSIONS
The study shows that personality traits and generative concern at midlife explain a meaningful part of the variation in individuals' quality of subsequent retirement adjustment.
目的
尽管心理因素与其他生活转变有关，但它们对退休调整质量的影响在很大程度上被忽视了。本研究评估了人格特质和生殖力在退休前对退休后两个时间点的享乐和幸福的预测作用。
方法
本文分析了美国中年（MIDUS）纵向样本的数据。具体来说，它使用了在第一时间没有退休但在第二时间（n=548）和第三时间（n=351）退休 9 年和 18 年后的一个子样本。
结果
在控制了享乐和幸福的初始值以及个人属性和资源的影响后，第一时间的外向得分较高显著预测了第二时间的享乐幸福感，而第一时间的神经质得分较低和生殖力得分较高显著预测了第二时间的幸福幸福感。第一时间的神经质和生殖关注在预测第三时间的幸福幸福感方面仍然具有重要意义。
结论
该研究表明，中年时期的人格特质和生殖力解释了个体随后退休调整质量变化的重要部分。
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