Department of Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Cell. 2021 Mar 18;184(6):1517-1529. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.042.
Our immune system has evolved to protect us from pathogens and maintain homeostasis through localization in diverse tissue sites throughout the body. Immune responses are orchestrated by T cells, which direct pathogen clearance at the infection site and establish tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) for protection immunity. Here, we discuss how tissue immune responses are influenced by various stressors (e.g., metabolic, environmental, aging) that are rapidly changing due to climate fluctuations and globalization. We propose potential strategies for targeting tissue immunity to mitigate future pathogenic and environmental challenges and areas of investigation that can elucidate mechanisms for adapting and restoring homeostasis.
我们的免疫系统通过在全身不同组织部位的定位来进化以保护我们免受病原体侵害并维持体内平衡。免疫反应由 T 细胞协调，T 细胞在感染部位指导病原体清除，并建立组织驻留记忆 T 细胞 (TRM) 以提供保护免疫。在这里，我们讨论了组织免疫反应如何受到各种应激源（例如代谢、环境、衰老）的影响，这些应激源由于气候波动和全球化而迅速变化。我们提出了针对组织免疫的潜在策略，以减轻未来的病原体和环境挑战，并探讨了可以阐明适应和恢复体内平衡机制的研究领域。
