Calderón-Ezquerro María Del Carmen, Serrano-Silva Nancy, Brunner-Mendoza Carolina
Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jun 1;278:116858. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116858. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
The atmosphere as a temporary habitat for airborne microbial communities is a valuable topic to explore, and it is through aerobiological studies that the diversity of biological particles and their release, emission, transport, deposition, and impact are assessed. Specific microorganisms are involved in meteorological processes, and phytosanitary and public health concerns. Airborne microbial composition is related to factors such as geographic region and weather conditions. In this study a metagenomic approach was used to determine the composition of bacterial and fungal communities in the air of two different land-use areas (urban area and semi-rural area), during dry and rainy seasons in Mexico City. Air sampling was carried out with a Hirst-type spore trap, collecting the samples simultaneously in both study areas. Forty-two bioaerosol samples were collected, and the DNA obtained was sequenced using Next-Generation Sequencing. The results indicated that the bacterial communities were represented mainly by the phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, and the fungal communities by the phyla Ascomycota followed by Basidiomycota. The evident changes in microbial composition were related more to seasonality than to locality, since both UA and SRA showed a high degree of urbanization, despite some differences in land use. Continuous monitoring of atmospheric bioaerosols is essential to determine the influence of meteorological factors on the composition of the aerial microbiota.
大气作为空气传播微生物群落的临时栖息地，是一个值得探索的重要课题。通过空气生物学研究，可以评估生物颗粒的多样性及其释放、排放、传输、沉积和影响。特定的微生物参与气象过程、植物检疫和公共卫生相关事宜。空气传播微生物的组成与地理区域和天气条件等因素有关。在本研究中，采用宏基因组学方法来确定墨西哥城两个不同土地利用区域（市区和半农村地区）在旱季和雨季期间空气中细菌和真菌群落的组成。使用赫斯特型孢子捕捉器进行空气采样，在两个研究区域同时采集样本。共收集了42个生物气溶胶样本，并使用下一代测序技术对获得的DNA进行测序。结果表明，细菌群落主要由放线菌门、变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、蓝细菌门代表，真菌群落主要由子囊菌门代表，其次是担子菌门。微生物组成的明显变化更多地与季节性有关，而非与地理位置有关，因为尽管两个区域在土地利用上存在一些差异，但市区和半农村地区都呈现出高度的城市化。持续监测大气生物气溶胶对于确定气象因素对空气微生物群落组成的影响至关重要。
