含酪蛋白磷酸肽-无定形磷酸钙的牙膏能抑制变形链球菌生物膜的形成。
Tooth mousse containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate prevents biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans.
机构信息
The Biofilm Research Laboratory, The Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
International Postgraduate Program, Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2021 Mar 19;21(1):136. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01502-6.
BACKGROUND
Streptococcus mutans is a common cariogenic bacterium in the oral cavity involved in plaque formation. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) has been introduced into tooth mousse to encourage remineralization of dental enamel. The aim of this research was to study the effect of tooth mousse containing CPP-ACP (GC Tooth Mousse®) or CPP-ACP with 0.2% fluoride (CPP-ACPF; GC Tooth Mousse Plus®; GCP) on S. mutans planktonic growth and biofilm formation.
METHODS
S. mutans was cultivated in the presence of different dilutions of the tooth mousse containing CPP-ACP or CPP-ACPF, and the planktonic growth was determined by ATP viability assay and counting colony-forming units (CFUs). The resulting biofilms were examined by crystal violet staining, MTT metabolic assay, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
RESULTS
The CPP-ACP tooth mousse (GC) at a dilution of 5-50 mg/ml (0.5-5%) did not inhibit planktonic growth, and even increased the ATP content and the number of viable bacteria after a 24 h incubation. The same was observed for the CPP-ACPF tooth mousse (GCP), except for the higher concentrations (25 and 50 mg/ml) that led to a drop in the bacterial count. Importantly, both compounds significantly decreased S. mutans biofilm formation at dilutions as low as 1.5-3 mg/ml. 12.5 mg/ml GC and 6.25 mg/ml GCP inhibited biofilm formation by 90% after 4 h. After 24 h, the MBIC was 6.25 mg/ml for both. CLSM images confirmed the strong inhibitory effect GC and GCP had on biofilm formation when using 5 mg/ml tooth mousse. SEM images of those bacteria that managed to form biofilm in the presence of 5 mg/ml tooth mousse, showed alterations in the bacterial morphology, where the streptococci appear 25-30% shorter on the average than the control bacteria.
CONCLUSION
Our data show that the tooth mousse containing CPP-ACP reduces biofilm formation of the cariogenic bacterium S. mutans without killing the bacteria. The use of natural substances which inhibit biofilm development without killing the bacteria, has therapeutic benefits, especially in orthodontic pediatric patients.
背景
变形链球菌是口腔中常见的致龋菌，参与菌斑的形成。酪蛋白磷酸肽-无定形磷酸钙（CPP-ACP）已被引入牙凝胶中以促进牙釉质再矿化。本研究的目的是研究含有 CPP-ACP（GC 牙凝胶®）或 CPP-ACP 加 0.2%氟化物（CPP-ACPF；GC 牙凝胶 Plus®；GCP）的牙凝胶对变形链球菌浮游生长和生物膜形成的影响。
方法
在含有 CPP-ACP 或 CPP-ACPF 的牙凝胶的不同稀释液中培养变形链球菌，通过 ATP 活力测定和菌落形成单位（CFU）计数来确定浮游生长。通过结晶紫染色、MTT 代谢测定、共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）检查所得生物膜。
结果
CPP-ACP 牙凝胶（GC）在 5-50mg/ml（0.5-5%）的稀释度下不抑制浮游生长，甚至在孵育 24 小时后增加了 ATP 含量和活菌数。CPP-ACPF 牙凝胶（GCP）也观察到相同的结果，除了较高浓度（25 和 50mg/ml）导致细菌计数下降。重要的是，两种化合物在低至 1.5-3mg/ml 的浓度下均显著降低变形链球菌生物膜的形成。12.5mg/ml GC 和 6.25mg/ml GCP 在 4 小时后抑制生物膜形成 90%。24 小时后，MBIC 对两者均为 6.25mg/ml。CLSM 图像证实，在使用 5mg/ml 牙凝胶时，GC 和 GCP 对生物膜形成具有很强的抑制作用。在 5mg/ml 牙凝胶存在下能够形成生物膜的细菌的 SEM 图像显示，细菌形态发生变化，链球菌的平均长度比对照细菌短 25-30%。
结论
我们的数据表明，含有 CPP-ACP 的牙凝胶可减少致龋菌变形链球菌的生物膜形成，而不杀死细菌。使用天然物质抑制生物膜的发展而不杀死细菌具有治疗益处，特别是在正畸儿科患者中。
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