医院药师参与合作药师用药清单认证计划的经验：一项定性研究。
Hospital pharmacists' experiences of participating in a partnered pharmacist medication charting credentialing program: a qualitative study.
机构信息
School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Mar 19;21(1):251. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-06267-w.
BACKGROUND
Medication-related errors are one of the most frequently reported incidents in hospitals. With the aim of reducing the medication error rate, a Partnered Pharmacist Medication Charting (PPMC) model was trialled in seven Australian hospitals from 2016 to 2017. Participating pharmacists completed a credentialing program to equip them with skills to participate in the trial as a medication-charting pharmacist. Skills included obtaining a comprehensive medication history to chart pre-admission medications in collaboration with an admitting medical officer. The program involved both theoretical and practical components to assess the competency of pharmacists.
METHODS
A qualitative evaluation of the multi-site PPMC implementation trial was undertaken. Pharmacists and key informants involved in the trial participated in an interview or focus group session to share their experiences and attitudes regarding the PPMC credentialing program. An interview schedule was used to guide sessions. Transcripts were analysed using a pragmatic inductive-deductive thematic approach.
RESULTS
A total of 125 participants were involved in interviews or focus groups during early and late implementation data collection periods. Three themes pertaining to the PPMC credentialing program were identified: (1) credentialing as an upskilling opportunity, (2) identifying the essential components of credentialing, and (3) implementing and sustaining the PPMC credentialing program.
CONCLUSIONS
The PPMC credentialing program provided pharmacists with an opportunity to expand their scope of practice and consolidate clinical knowledge. Local adaptations to the PPMC credentialing program enabled pharmacists to meet the varying needs and capacities of hospitals, including the policies and procedures of different clinical settings. These findings highlight key issues to consider when implementation a credentialing program for pharmacists in the hospital setting.
背景
药物相关错误是医院中最常报告的事件之一。为了降低用药错误率，从 2016 年到 2017 年，一个合作伙伴药师用药图表（PPMC）模型在澳大利亚的七家医院进行了试验。参与的药师完成了资格认证计划，使他们具备作为用药图表药师参与试验的技能。这些技能包括与入院医疗官合作获取全面的用药史，以记录入院前的药物。该计划包括理论和实践两部分，以评估药师的能力。
方法
对多地点 PPMC 实施试验进行了定性评估。参与试验的药师和主要信息提供者参加了访谈或焦点小组会议，分享他们对 PPMC 认证计划的经验和态度。访谈计划用于指导会议。使用实用的归纳演绎主题方法对记录进行了分析。
结果
在早期和晚期实施数据收集期间，共有 125 名参与者参与了访谈或焦点小组。确定了与 PPMC 认证计划相关的三个主题：（1）认证是一个提高技能的机会，（2）确定认证的基本组成部分，（3）实施和维持 PPMC 认证计划。
结论
PPMC 认证计划为药师提供了扩展实践范围和巩固临床知识的机会。对 PPMC 认证计划的本地调整使药师能够满足医院的各种需求和能力，包括不同临床环境的政策和程序。这些发现强调了在医院环境中为药师实施认证计划时需要考虑的关键问题。
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